{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231892975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2070781.2024220","title":"Polarization fields","display_name":"Polarization fields","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4231892975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2070781.2024220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2070781.2024220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2070781.2024220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074342790","display_name":"Douglas Lanman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-5652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Lanman","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014044649","display_name":"Gordon Wetzstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9243-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gordon Wetzstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051579877","display_name":"Matthew Hirsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073712698","display_name":"Wolfgang Heidrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-8508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Heidrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023495279","display_name":"Ramesh Raskar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-3224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Raskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074342790"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.3271,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98724902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarizer","display_name":"Polarizer","score":0.6803151369094849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-crystal-display","display_name":"Liquid-crystal display","score":0.6085150241851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monochromatic-color","display_name":"Monochromatic color","score":0.6023985147476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.5646836757659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-gel","display_name":"Color gel","score":0.5624053478240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5569950342178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.5507708787918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.5499451160430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.542522668838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-field","display_name":"Light field","score":0.526377260684967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarizing-filter","display_name":"Polarizing filter","score":0.49319690465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/display-device","display_name":"Display device","score":0.4787825345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-filter-array","display_name":"Color filter array","score":0.4569156765937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-light-modulator","display_name":"Spatial light modulator","score":0.42359888553619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-polarization","display_name":"Linear polarization","score":0.4135562777519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4002380669116974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-filter","display_name":"Optical filter","score":0.3651893734931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.36085936427116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.30168041586875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.22625678777694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20571351051330566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121524040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11942175","display_name":"Polarizer","level":3,"score":0.6803151369094849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128019096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83341","display_name":"Liquid-crystal display","level":2,"score":0.6085150241851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40833965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6901438","display_name":"Monochromatic color","level":2,"score":0.6023985147476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5646836757659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142771000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435398","display_name":"Color gel","level":4,"score":0.5624053478240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5569950342178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.5507708787918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.5499451160430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.542522668838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48983235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593161","display_name":"Light field","level":2,"score":0.526377260684967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14860423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868354","display_name":"Polarizing filter","level":3,"score":0.49319690465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164597639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327065","display_name":"Display device","level":2,"score":0.4787825345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177299597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2468214","display_name":"Color filter array","level":5,"score":0.4569156765937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777903624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477653","display_name":"Spatial light modulator","level":2,"score":0.42359888553619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107190969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553479","display_name":"Linear polarization","level":3,"score":0.4135562777519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4002380669116974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45613198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134091","display_name":"Optical filter","level":2,"score":0.3651893734931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.36085936427116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.30168041586875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.22625678777694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20571351051330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87359718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271916","display_name":"Thin-film transistor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125743686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108779","display_name":"Birefringence","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2070781.2024220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2070781.2024220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4921606562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1116452","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337389","funder_display_name":"Division of Information and Intelligent Systems"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7903439330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR0011-10-C-0073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337389","display_name":"Division of Information and Intelligent Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/053a2cp42"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1754838066","https://openalex.org/W1964217675","https://openalex.org/W1970185852","https://openalex.org/W1970212628","https://openalex.org/W1972475606","https://openalex.org/W1973711934","https://openalex.org/W1973876310","https://openalex.org/W1978415185","https://openalex.org/W1981931746","https://openalex.org/W1998710444","https://openalex.org/W2003744886","https://openalex.org/W2014907538","https://openalex.org/W2037521346","https://openalex.org/W2063366997","https://openalex.org/W2067661172","https://openalex.org/W2076875314","https://openalex.org/W2120304327","https://openalex.org/W2132719795","https://openalex.org/W2137171442","https://openalex.org/W2141856606","https://openalex.org/W2146583368","https://openalex.org/W2164734420","https://openalex.org/W2295511631","https://openalex.org/W3137679377","https://openalex.org/W3214217583","https://openalex.org/W4238005791","https://openalex.org/W4245377806","https://openalex.org/W6643836955","https://openalex.org/W6835410299"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966819110","https://openalex.org/W3027257864","https://openalex.org/W2909785693","https://openalex.org/W3083636784","https://openalex.org/W4239600962","https://openalex.org/W2059494827","https://openalex.org/W3081493766","https://openalex.org/W2047113808","https://openalex.org/W4292851316","https://openalex.org/W1849846051"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,80,110,122],"introduce":[1],"polarization":[2,43,103,147],"field":[3,12,62,148],"displays":[4,18,83,149],"as":[5,40,45,160],"an":[6],"optically-efficient":[7],"design":[8,113],"for":[9,99,167],"dynamic":[10],"light":[11,51],"display":[13,58,125,165],"using":[14,61,118,126],"multi-layered":[15],"LCDs.":[16,171],"Such":[17],"consist":[19],"of":[20,24,32,141,158],"a":[21,29,41,48,116,127],"stacked":[22],"set":[23],"liquid":[25],"crystal":[26],"panels":[27],"with":[28,66,75],"single":[30],"pair":[31],"crossed":[33],"linear":[34],"polarizers.":[35],"Each":[36],"layer":[37],"is":[38,59],"modeled":[39],"spatially-controllable":[42],"rotator,":[44],"opposed":[46],"to":[47,96,162],"conventional":[49],"spatial":[50],"modulator":[52],"that":[53],"directly":[54],"attenuates":[55],"light.":[56],"Color":[57],"achieved":[60],"sequential":[63],"color":[64,77],"illumination":[65],"monochromatic":[67],"LCDs,":[68],"mitigating":[69],"severe":[70],"attenuation":[71],"and":[72,134,155,169],"moir\u00e9":[73],"occurring":[74],"layered":[76],"filter":[78],"arrays.":[79],"demonstrate":[81,123],"such":[82],"can":[84],"be":[85],"controlled,":[86],"at":[87],"interactive":[88,124],"refresh":[89],"rates,":[90],"by":[91,107,114],"adopting":[92],"the":[93,100,139],"SART":[94,129],"algorithm":[95],"tomographically":[97],"solve":[98],"optimal":[101],"spatially-varying":[102],"state":[104],"rotations":[105],"applied":[106],"each":[108],"layer.":[109],"validate":[111],"our":[112,142],"constructing":[115],"prototype":[117],"modified":[119],"off-the-shelf":[120],"panels.":[121],"GPU-based":[128],"implementation":[130],"supporting":[131],"both":[132],"polarization-based":[133],"attenuation-based":[135],"architectures.":[136],"Experiments":[137],"characterize":[138],"accuracy":[140],"image":[143],"formation":[144],"model,":[145],"verifying":[146],"achieve":[150],"increased":[151],"brightness,":[152],"higher":[153],"resolution,":[154],"extended":[156],"depth":[157],"field,":[159],"compared":[161],"existing":[163],"automultiscopic":[164],"methods":[166],"dual-layer":[168],"multi-layer":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
