{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2110964220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047269","title":"6D hands","display_name":"6D hands","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2110964220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047269","mag":"2110964220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2047196.2047269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047269","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032677320","display_name":"Robert Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-7015"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["3Gear Systems, Foster City, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"3Gear Systems, Foster City, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087205270","display_name":"Sylvain Paris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306409833","display_name":"Adobe Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059tvcg64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Paris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adobe Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adobe Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022440000","display_name":"Jovan Popovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0479-2538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306409833","display_name":"Adobe Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059tvcg64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jovan Popovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adobe Systems, Seattle, WA, USA","Adobe Systems, Seattle, WA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adobe Systems, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adobe Systems, Seattle, WA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032677320"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.441,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":224,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99513158,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"549","last_page":"558"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7696830034255981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desk","display_name":"Desk","score":0.7269582152366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5759234428405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5287845730781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.5129079818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4955376386642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cad","display_name":"CAD","score":0.4869707524776459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.48174217343330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.4793201684951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4726639986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46847572922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degrees-of-freedom","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","score":0.4608129858970642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor","display_name":"Metaphor","score":0.4289754033088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smt-placement-equipment","display_name":"SMT placement equipment","score":0.42757105827331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38501015305519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.35196879506111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2065477967262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10654747486114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.09694284200668335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7696830034255981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064858","display_name":"Desk","level":2,"score":0.7269582152366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5759234428405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5287845730781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.5129079818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4955376386642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194789388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17855283","display_name":"CAD","level":2,"score":0.4869707524776459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.48174217343330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.4793201684951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4726639986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46847572922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4608129858970642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.4289754033088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17511633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830694","display_name":"SMT placement equipment","level":3,"score":0.42757105827331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38501015305519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.35196879506111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2065477967262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10654747486114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.09694284200668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2047196.2047269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047269","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480238331","https://openalex.org/W1544761235","https://openalex.org/W1972807681","https://openalex.org/W1982839353","https://openalex.org/W2000731220","https://openalex.org/W2014955188","https://openalex.org/W2034664912","https://openalex.org/W2036310903","https://openalex.org/W2044109592","https://openalex.org/W2055289854","https://openalex.org/W2055993143","https://openalex.org/W2070721937","https://openalex.org/W2086542492","https://openalex.org/W2101950382","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2113123816","https://openalex.org/W2114663654","https://openalex.org/W2119927991","https://openalex.org/W2121223684","https://openalex.org/W2129569979","https://openalex.org/W2134418753","https://openalex.org/W2142224241","https://openalex.org/W2152280721","https://openalex.org/W2161770154","https://openalex.org/W2162254475","https://openalex.org/W2165272793","https://openalex.org/W2172156083","https://openalex.org/W2619168825","https://openalex.org/W4246372070","https://openalex.org/W6628506174","https://openalex.org/W6683939669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2537762514","https://openalex.org/W2349788282","https://openalex.org/W2032830291","https://openalex.org/W577271088","https://openalex.org/W2120801881","https://openalex.org/W2390832629","https://openalex.org/W1982853263","https://openalex.org/W1974473538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computer":[0],"Aided":[1],"Design":[2],"(CAD)":[3],"typically":[4],"involves":[5],"tasks":[6],"such":[7],"as":[8],"adjusting":[9],"the":[10,42,64,68,98,145,157,162],"camera":[11],"perspective":[12],"and":[13,44,62,104,142,147],"assembling":[14],"pieces":[15],"in":[16,123],"free":[17],"space":[18,66],"that":[19,38,81,96,117,173],"require":[20],"specifying":[21],"6":[22],"degrees":[23],"of":[24,47,94,100,169,187],"freedom":[25],"(DOF).":[26],"The":[27],"standard":[28],"approach":[29,150],"is":[30,52,126],"to":[31,41,58,155,177],"factor":[32],"these":[33,109],"DOFs":[34],"into":[35],"2D":[36],"subspaces":[37],"are":[39],"mapped":[40],"x":[43],"y":[45],"axes":[46],"a":[48,76,92,113,130,170],"mouse.":[49,148],"This":[50],"metaphor":[51,116],"inherently":[53],"modal":[54],"because":[55],"one":[56],"needs":[57],"switch":[59],"between":[60],"subspaces,":[61],"disconnects":[63],"input":[65,115],"from":[67],"modeling":[69],"space.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"we":[74,90,111],"propose":[75],"bimanual":[77],"hand":[78,175],"tracking":[79],"system":[80],"provides":[82],"physically-motivated":[83],"6-DOF":[84],"control":[85],"for":[86],"3D":[87,114,179,184],"assembly.":[88],"First,":[89],"discuss":[91],"set":[93],"principles":[95],"guide":[97],"design":[99],"our":[101,192],"precise,":[102],"easy-to-use,":[103],"comfortable-to-use":[105],"system.":[106,194],"Based":[107],"on":[108,128,139],"guidelines,":[110],"describe":[112],"supports":[118],"constraint":[119],"specification":[120],"classically":[121],"used":[122],"CAD":[124,189],"software,":[125],"based":[127],"only":[129],"few":[131],"simple":[132],"gestures,":[133],"lets":[134],"users":[135],"rest":[136],"their":[137,140,178],"elbows":[138],"desk,":[141],"works":[143],"alongside":[144],"keyboard":[146],"Our":[149],"uses":[151],"two":[152],"consumer-grade":[153],"webcams":[154],"observe":[156],"user's":[158],"hands.":[159],"We":[160,181],"solve":[161],"pose":[163],"estimation":[164],"problem":[165],"with":[166],"efficient":[167,183],"queries":[168],"precomputed":[171],"database":[172],"relates":[174],"silhouettes":[176],"configuration.":[180],"demonstrate":[182],"mechanical":[185],"assembly":[186],"several":[188],"models":[190],"using":[191],"hand-tracking":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}