{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998460924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602","title":"Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions","display_name":"Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998460924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602","mag":"1998460924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2037556.2037602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044401312","display_name":"Taewoo Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-7905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113508548","display_name":"Albany State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vme4277","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113508548"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taewoo Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Albany, State University of New York","(University at Albany, State University of New York)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Albany, State University of New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113508548","https://openalex.org/I392282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University at Albany, State University of New York)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113508548","https://openalex.org/I392282"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048638135","display_name":"Theresa A. Pardo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113508548","display_name":"Albany State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vme4277","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113508548"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theresa A. Pardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Albany, State University of New York","(University at Albany, State University of New York)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Albany, State University of New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113508548","https://openalex.org/I392282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University at Albany, State University of New York)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113508548","https://openalex.org/I392282"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044401312"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113508548","https://openalex.org/I392282"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":56.4372,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2703,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9993078,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"282","last_page":"291"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.8588638305664062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.5785574316978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.5666640400886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.5649759769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5564772486686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4893888831138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.46566295623779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.43860602378845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41230782866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3271290063858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.29887694120407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.2643279433250427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.218136727809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2124655842781067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.8588638305664062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5785574316978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5666640400886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.5649759769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5564772486686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4893888831138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46566295623779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.43860602378845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41230782866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3271290063858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.29887694120407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2643279433250427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.218136727809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2124655842781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2037556.2037602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu:ctg-1076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/ctg/77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196508","display_name":"Scholars Archive - University at Albany (University at Albany, State University of New York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I392282","host_organization_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Center for Technology in Government","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23161547","https://openalex.org/W40911477","https://openalex.org/W65973184","https://openalex.org/W110489899","https://openalex.org/W116203901","https://openalex.org/W142880704","https://openalex.org/W185461914","https://openalex.org/W203647899","https://openalex.org/W232432820","https://openalex.org/W393476370","https://openalex.org/W644894786","https://openalex.org/W1482077906","https://openalex.org/W1487731529","https://openalex.org/W1489191909","https://openalex.org/W1493603422","https://openalex.org/W1498814133","https://openalex.org/W1508654189","https://openalex.org/W1535085511","https://openalex.org/W1564825352","https://openalex.org/W1579007770","https://openalex.org/W1608558570","https://openalex.org/W1758231338","https://openalex.org/W1866654974","https://openalex.org/W1899034111","https://openalex.org/W1916311178","https://openalex.org/W1969535236","https://openalex.org/W1974963036","https://openalex.org/W1983724229","https://openalex.org/W1992219462","https://openalex.org/W1997225522","https://openalex.org/W2006031364","https://openalex.org/W2011489192","https://openalex.org/W2017799808","https://openalex.org/W2021796819","https://openalex.org/W2037125915","https://openalex.org/W2052379002","https://openalex.org/W2059487704","https://openalex.org/W2060044451","https://openalex.org/W2062470805","https://openalex.org/W2071991672","https://openalex.org/W2072561200","https://openalex.org/W2077985988","https://openalex.org/W2082598116","https://openalex.org/W2084740163","https://openalex.org/W2086469646","https://openalex.org/W2092300333","https://openalex.org/W2105801173","https://openalex.org/W2107632246","https://openalex.org/W2108327535","https://openalex.org/W2121409740","https://openalex.org/W2138959334","https://openalex.org/W2151905631","https://openalex.org/W2154761853","https://openalex.org/W2158524669","https://openalex.org/W2170850672","https://openalex.org/W2172883647","https://openalex.org/W2207600985","https://openalex.org/W2208855016","https://openalex.org/W2261104261","https://openalex.org/W2406146466","https://openalex.org/W2510046176","https://openalex.org/W2589336899","https://openalex.org/W2606855420","https://openalex.org/W2798750460","https://openalex.org/W2798862961","https://openalex.org/W3122056145","https://openalex.org/W3125270786","https://openalex.org/W4234782248","https://openalex.org/W4235598086","https://openalex.org/W4236130908","https://openalex.org/W4249064626","https://openalex.org/W6618159328","https://openalex.org/W6629007243","https://openalex.org/W6634761122","https://openalex.org/W6637959140","https://openalex.org/W6644038618","https://openalex.org/W6750375667","https://openalex.org/W6987344026","https://openalex.org/W6987614366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1939054760","https://openalex.org/W2010532256","https://openalex.org/W4388427491","https://openalex.org/W2911665507","https://openalex.org/W2225266572","https://openalex.org/W2582198160","https://openalex.org/W2617513755","https://openalex.org/W2757106578","https://openalex.org/W3012439261","https://openalex.org/W2901577288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"conceptual":[1,60],"paper":[2,67],"discusses":[3],"how":[4],"we":[5],"can":[6],"consider":[7],"a":[8,12,40,56],"particular":[9],"city":[10,33,43,54],"as":[11],"smart":[13,32,42,53,64,82],"one,":[14],"drawing":[15],"on":[16],"recent":[17],"practices":[18],"to":[19,63,72],"make":[20],"cities":[21],"smart.":[22],"A":[23],"set":[24],"of":[25,52,58,81,85],"the":[26,31,36,73],"common":[27],"multidimensional":[28],"components":[29],"underlying":[30],"concept":[34],"and":[35,55,79,87,96,101],"core":[37],"factors":[38],"for":[39,92,98],"successful":[41],"initiative":[44],"is":[45],"identified":[46],"by":[47],"exploring":[48],"current":[49],"working":[50],"definitions":[51],"diversity":[57],"various":[59],"relatives":[61],"similar":[62],"city.":[65],"The":[66],"offers":[68],"strategic":[69],"principles":[70],"aligning":[71],"three":[74],"main":[75],"dimensions":[76],"(technology,":[77],"people,":[78],"institutions)":[80],"city:":[83],"integration":[84],"infrastructures":[86],"technology-mediated":[88],"services,":[89],"social":[90],"learning":[91],"strengthening":[93],"human":[94],"infrastructure,":[95],"governance":[97],"institutional":[99],"improvement":[100],"citizen":[102],"engagement.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":160},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":198},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":252},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":236},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":365},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":285},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":287},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":298},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":181},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":179},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":119},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}