{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009282838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037373.2037422","title":"Design and evaluation of Devanagari virtual keyboards for touch screen mobile phones","display_name":"Design and evaluation of Devanagari virtual keyboards for touch screen mobile phones","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009282838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037373.2037422","mag":"2009282838"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2037373.2037422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037373.2037422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030245131","display_name":"Anirudha Joshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anirudha Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDC, IIT Bombay","IDC, IIT BOMBAY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT Bombay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT BOMBAY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078519125","display_name":"Girish Dalvi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5364-2063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girish Dalvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDC, IIT Bombay","IDC, IIT BOMBAY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT Bombay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT BOMBAY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050880042","display_name":"Manjiri Joshi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manjiri Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDC, IIT Bombay","IDC, IIT BOMBAY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT Bombay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT BOMBAY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058802502","display_name":"Prasad Rashinkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prasad Rashinkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDC, IIT Bombay","IDC, IIT BOMBAY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT Bombay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT BOMBAY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005592400","display_name":"Aniket Sarangdhar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aniket Sarangdhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDC, IIT Bombay","IDC, IIT BOMBAY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT Bombay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDC, IIT BOMBAY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030245131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9115,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95781553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"323","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devanagari","display_name":"Devanagari","score":0.909504771232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.8429307341575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7331920862197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.6238787174224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-keyboard","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","score":0.5434924960136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5147219300270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5048128366470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.34912458062171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33601951599121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21164077520370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11582538485527039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.11296859383583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.1051797866821289}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780144916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38592","display_name":"Devanagari","level":4,"score":0.909504771232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.8429307341575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7331920862197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.6238787174224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780367331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861170","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","level":2,"score":0.5434924960136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5147219300270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5048128366470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.34912458062171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33601951599121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21164077520370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11582538485527039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.11296859383583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.1051797866821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2037373.2037422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2037373.2037422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568588186","https://openalex.org/W1793087945","https://openalex.org/W2033630752","https://openalex.org/W2073341954","https://openalex.org/W2121938490","https://openalex.org/W2133089728","https://openalex.org/W2138879556","https://openalex.org/W2139096448","https://openalex.org/W4237911670","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2244980784","https://openalex.org/W4360905860","https://openalex.org/W2167945225","https://openalex.org/W3173558315","https://openalex.org/W2524784692","https://openalex.org/W2083011600","https://openalex.org/W126763030","https://openalex.org/W2009282838","https://openalex.org/W1967137997","https://openalex.org/W2980228229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lack":[0],"of":[1,19,30,43,45,53,58,68,79,92,119],"an":[2],"easy":[3],"and":[4,86,106,140],"efficient":[5],"text":[6,117,136,148],"input":[7,118,137,149],"mechanism":[8],"in":[9,21,150],"Indic":[10,35],"scripts":[11,36],"has":[12],"been":[13],"a":[14,27,82,87],"barrier":[15],"to":[16],"large-scale":[17],"adoption":[18],"ICTs":[20],"India.":[22],"We":[23,71],"present":[24],"findings":[25],"from":[26],"usability":[28,84,89],"evaluation":[29],"three":[31],"keyboard":[32],"designs":[33,57],"for":[34,37,135,142,147],"touch":[38],"screen":[39],"phones.":[40],"The":[41,113],"design":[42,128],"one":[44],"the":[46,51,56,59,65,69,73,93,110,143],"keyboards":[47,74,96],"is":[48],"based":[49,63],"on":[50,64],"frequency":[52],"characters,":[54],"while":[55],"other":[60,111],"two":[61],"are":[62],"logical":[66],"structure":[67],"script.":[70],"evaluated":[72],"with":[75,77,99],"participants":[76],"low-level":[78],"education":[80],"through":[81],"first-time":[83],"test":[85,115],"longitudinal":[88,114],"test.":[90],"One":[91],"logically":[94],"structured":[95],"started":[97],"out":[98],"significantly":[100],"higher":[101],"success":[102],"rate,":[103],"typing":[104],"speed,":[105],"lesser":[107],"errors":[108,139],"than":[109],"two.":[112],"involving":[116],"500":[120],"words":[121],"did":[122],"not":[123],"conclusively":[124],"prove":[125],"that":[126],"either":[127],"was":[129],"better.":[130],"Our":[131],"study":[132],"establishes":[133],"benchmarks":[134],"speeds,":[138],"ratings":[141],"initial":[144],"learning":[145],"phase":[146],"Marathi":[151],"among":[152],"less":[153],"educated":[154],"users.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}