{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120453111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2030112.2030152","title":"How smart is your smartcard?","display_name":"How smart is your smartcard?","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120453111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2030112.2030152","mag":"2120453111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2030112.2030152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2030112.2030152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Ubiquitous computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082323876","display_name":"Neal Lathia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1696-5838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Lathia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023892723","display_name":"Licia Capra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-3837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Licia Capra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"300"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.8039512634277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-card","display_name":"Smart card","score":0.741644024848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.7342842221260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destinations","display_name":"Destinations","score":0.6968940496444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.6790269613265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.5071883201599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.504052996635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.4521685540676117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4407263994216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4311666488647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4285823106765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-behavior","display_name":"Travel behavior","score":0.4270203113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.42669692635536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4246959984302521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4122283458709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3180866241455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.20664018392562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"Tourism","score":0.18307632207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.17327523231506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16401124000549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15971902012825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09669837355613708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.8039512634277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110406131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41349","display_name":"Smart card","level":2,"score":0.741644024848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.7342842221260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776687071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5265193","display_name":"Destinations","level":3,"score":0.6968940496444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6790269613265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5071883201599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.504052996635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.4521685540676117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4407263994216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4311666488647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4285823106765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144072006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4462116","display_name":"Travel behavior","level":2,"score":0.4270203113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42669692635536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4246959984302521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4122283458709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3180866241455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.20664018392562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.18307632207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.17327523231506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16401124000549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15971902012825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09669837355613708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2030112.2030152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2030112.2030152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Ubiquitous computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40113553","https://openalex.org/W1800759203","https://openalex.org/W1809001740","https://openalex.org/W1984256469","https://openalex.org/W1986351906","https://openalex.org/W1993418585","https://openalex.org/W2004131532","https://openalex.org/W2007286210","https://openalex.org/W2015480405","https://openalex.org/W2015593844","https://openalex.org/W2027526029","https://openalex.org/W2028041558","https://openalex.org/W2061099969","https://openalex.org/W2103151433","https://openalex.org/W2106558516","https://openalex.org/W2110991980","https://openalex.org/W2125566286","https://openalex.org/W2132177526","https://openalex.org/W2136317921","https://openalex.org/W2147664728","https://openalex.org/W2162088560","https://openalex.org/W2165596057","https://openalex.org/W2181224504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2179452086","https://openalex.org/W2944614267","https://openalex.org/W3164215181","https://openalex.org/W1965440973","https://openalex.org/W3022415911","https://openalex.org/W4386491320","https://openalex.org/W2126734908","https://openalex.org/W4320305530","https://openalex.org/W4296126624","https://openalex.org/W2002812866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"widespread":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,27,51,58,86,111,133,142,194],"automated":[4],"fare":[5],"collection":[6],"(AFC)":[7],"systems":[8,44],"by":[9,42,103,177],"public":[10,28,135],"transport":[11,55,136,147,179],"authorities":[12,148],"around":[13],"the":[14,39,72,78,143,161,171],"world":[15],"means":[16],"that,":[17],"increasingly,":[18],"people":[19],"carry":[20],"and":[21,48,64,83,115,138,155,185],"use":[22,150,165],"passive":[23],"sensors":[24],"(embedded":[25],"inside":[26],"transit":[29],"tickets)":[30],"to":[31,80,108,119,153,169],"record":[32],"their":[33,112,121,134,139],"daily":[34],"movements.":[35],"Unlike":[36],"mobile":[37],"phones,":[38],"records":[40],"held":[41],"AFC":[43,167],"provide":[45],"a":[46],"rich":[47],"detailed":[49],"source":[50],"data":[52,76,118,152,168],"about":[53],"peoples'":[54],"habits:":[56],"times":[57],"travel,":[59],"modalities,":[60],"destinations,":[61],"trip":[62],"durations,":[63],"fares":[65,184],"paid.":[66],"In":[67,123],"this":[68,75,117,151],"work,":[69],"we":[70,125],"explore":[71],"extent":[73,172],"that":[74,159,173],"offers":[77],"possibility":[79],"both":[81],"build":[82],"measure":[84,154,170],"future":[85],"travel-based":[87],"ubiquitous":[88],"computing":[89],"applications.":[90],"We":[91,164],"focus":[92],"on":[93],"two":[94],"potential":[95],"end-users:":[96],"first,":[97],"how":[98,146],"travellers":[99],"may":[100],"be":[101],"aided":[102],"feedback":[104],"mechanisms":[105,158],"in":[106,192],"order":[107],"re-align":[109],"misperceptions":[110],"travel":[113],"behaviour":[114],"leverage":[116],"change":[120],"habits.":[122],"particular,":[124],"analyse":[126],"differences":[127],"between":[128],"85":[129],"travellers'":[130,195],"surveyed":[131],"perceptions":[132],"habits":[137],"actual":[140],"usage":[141],"system.":[144],"Second,":[145],"can":[149],"implement":[156],"incentive":[157],"produce":[160],"expected":[162],"impact.":[163],"anonymised":[166],"financial":[174],"incentives":[175],"implemented":[176],"London's":[178],"authority":[180],"(such":[181],"as":[182],"peak-hour":[183],"student":[186],"discounts)":[187],"correlate":[188],"with":[189],"measurable":[190],"changes":[191],"millions":[193],"behaviours.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
