{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167858181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2001576.2001810","title":"Optimizing ballast design of wave energy converters using evolutionary algorithms","display_name":"Optimizing ballast design of wave energy converters using evolutionary algorithms","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167858181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2001576.2001810","mag":"2167858181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2001576.2001810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2001576.2001810","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089322399","display_name":"Mitchell Colby","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell K. Colby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076445861","display_name":"Ehsan M. Nasroullahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan M. Nasroullahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108507903","display_name":"Kagan Tumer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kagan Tumer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089322399"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.361,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92377252,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1739","last_page":"1746"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11250","display_name":"Wave and Wind Energy Systems","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11250","display_name":"Wave and Wind Energy Systems","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9383000135421753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballast","display_name":"Ballast","score":0.8718952536582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.7200300097465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.6102660894393921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5605199933052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5193361043930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-energy-converter","display_name":"Wave energy converter","score":0.5034191012382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41535523533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35764598846435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3152637183666229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2323283553123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1903163194656372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14287814497947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1311092972755432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125907379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4851537","display_name":"Ballast","level":2,"score":0.8718952536582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.7200300097465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6102660894393921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5605199933052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5193361043930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985586866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208554","display_name":"Wave energy converter","level":3,"score":0.5034191012382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41535523533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35764598846435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3152637183666229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2323283553123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1903163194656372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14287814497947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1311092972755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2001576.2001810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2001576.2001810","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.380.5526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.380.5526","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.engr.oregonstate.edu/~ktumer/publications/files/tumer-colby_gecco11.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W592771677","https://openalex.org/W1492019883","https://openalex.org/W1640272653","https://openalex.org/W1964218550","https://openalex.org/W1986997541","https://openalex.org/W2001839397","https://openalex.org/W2039708501","https://openalex.org/W2103551861","https://openalex.org/W2138484437","https://openalex.org/W2139078479","https://openalex.org/W2139923370","https://openalex.org/W2157246645","https://openalex.org/W2159387524","https://openalex.org/W2161574998","https://openalex.org/W2895167457","https://openalex.org/W3204902892","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6617592428","https://openalex.org/W6641293336","https://openalex.org/W6755197418","https://openalex.org/W7004741430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W615703558","https://openalex.org/W1568915530","https://openalex.org/W2509236690","https://openalex.org/W324132158","https://openalex.org/W615792946","https://openalex.org/W2003519569","https://openalex.org/W2608087111","https://openalex.org/W2201865471","https://openalex.org/W2789010771","https://openalex.org/W1984437712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wave":[0],"energy":[1,75,93,122,163,177],"converters":[2],"promise":[3],"to":[4,9,46,49,67,90,99,120],"be":[5],"a":[6,73,78,85,106,115,161,174],"viable":[7],"alternative":[8],"current":[10,58],"electrical":[11],"generation":[12],"methods.":[13],"However,":[14],"these":[15,31],"generators":[16],"must":[17],"become":[18,26],"more":[19],"efficient":[20],"before":[21],"wide-scale":[22],"industrial":[23],"use":[24,64,126],"can":[25],"cost-effective.":[27],"The":[28,134,152],"efficiency":[29],"of":[30,57,72,113,127,149,160],"devices":[32],"is":[33,105],"primarily":[34],"dependent":[35],"upon":[36],"their":[37],"geometry":[38,71],"and":[39,53],"ballast":[40,70],"configuration":[41],"which":[42],"are":[43],"both":[44],"difficult":[45],"evaluate,":[47],"due":[48],"slow":[50],"computation":[51,55,111,139],"time":[52,112,140],"high":[54],"cost":[56],"models.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63,83],"evolutionary":[65,129,153],"algorithms":[66],"optimize":[68],"the":[69,110,125,138,157],"wave":[74,92,162,176],"generator":[76],"using":[77,114],"two":[79],"step":[80,108],"process.":[81],"First,":[82],"generate":[84],"function":[86,135],"approximator":[87,136],"(neural":[88],"network)":[89],"predict":[91,121],"converter":[94],"power":[95,171],"output":[96,123,172],"with":[97],"respect":[98],"key":[100],"geometric":[101],"design":[102,132],"variables.":[103],"This":[104],"critical":[107],"as":[109],"full":[116],"model":[117],"(e.g.,":[118],"AQWA)":[119],"prohibits":[124],"an":[128,146,167],"algorithm":[130,154],"for":[131],"optimization.":[133],"reduced":[137],"by":[141],"over":[142,173],"99%":[143],"while":[144],"having":[145],"average":[147],"error":[148],"only":[150],"1.5%.":[151],"then":[155],"optimized":[156],"weight":[158],"distribution":[159],"generator,":[164],"resulting":[165],"in":[166,170],"84%":[168],"improvement":[169],"ballast-free":[175],"converter.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
