{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081584581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2000832.2000837","title":"An FPGA-based accelerator for LambdaRank in Web search engines","display_name":"An FPGA-based accelerator for LambdaRank in Web search engines","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081584581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2000832.2000837","mag":"2081584581"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2000832.2000837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2000832.2000837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112809824","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","issn_l":"1936-7406","issn":["1936-7406","1936-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729701","display_name":"Jing Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-8197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia and Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia and Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100833305","display_name":"Ningyi Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning-YI Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100954791","display_name":"Xiongfei Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong-FEI Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100775758","display_name":"Rui Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-8140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445061","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-5157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China","TsingHua University, Beijing, P.R. China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TsingHua University, Beijing, P.R. China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101846193","display_name":"Rong Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1062-598X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China","TsingHua University, Beijing, P.R. China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TsingHua University, Beijing, P.R. China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111499249","display_name":"Feng-hsiung Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng-HSIUNG Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research Asia, Beijing, P.R. China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80208856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8811790943145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pci-express","display_name":"PCI Express","score":0.878058671951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.6983649730682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.609765887260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5015091896057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coprocessor","display_name":"Coprocessor","score":0.48365652561187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.46227723360061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.4479871094226837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spark","display_name":"SPARK (programming language)","score":0.4298327565193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2307274341583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1712997555732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.09707972407341003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8811790943145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64270927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206924","display_name":"PCI Express","level":3,"score":0.878058671951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.6983649730682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.609765887260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5015091896057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86111242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859595","display_name":"Coprocessor","level":2,"score":0.48365652561187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.46227723360061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.4479871094226837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781215313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493345","display_name":"SPARK (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4298327565193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2307274341583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1712997555732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.09707972407341003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2000832.2000837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2000832.2000837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112809824","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","issn_l":"1936-7406","issn":["1936-7406","1936-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319804","display_name":"Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W634004780","https://openalex.org/W1524093576","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W1964796092","https://openalex.org/W1973435495","https://openalex.org/W1985554184","https://openalex.org/W2037346171","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2071654592","https://openalex.org/W2086485856","https://openalex.org/W2103653364","https://openalex.org/W2128877075","https://openalex.org/W2139434830","https://openalex.org/W2143331230","https://openalex.org/W2153846939","https://openalex.org/W2407295445","https://openalex.org/W4251560691","https://openalex.org/W6637101025"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058965144","https://openalex.org/W2164382479","https://openalex.org/W2146343568","https://openalex.org/W2291943064","https://openalex.org/W2209727271","https://openalex.org/W2027176516","https://openalex.org/W2736680668","https://openalex.org/W2573457208","https://openalex.org/W2566887379","https://openalex.org/W2909656834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"modern":[1],"Web":[2],"search":[3,20,157],"engines,":[4],"Neural":[5],"Network":[6],"(NN)-based":[7],"learning":[8],"to":[9,15,31,75,90,119,135],"rank":[10],"algorithms":[11],"is":[12,23,29,49,88],"intensively":[13],"used":[14],"increase":[16],"the":[17,42,46,66,92,96,104,110,124,128,148],"quality":[18],"of":[19,55,106,123],"results.":[21],"LambdaRank":[22],"one":[24],"such":[25],"algorithm.":[26,67,111],"However,":[27],"it":[28],"hard":[30],"be":[32],"efficiently":[33],"accelerated":[34],"by":[35],"computer":[36],"clusters":[37],"or":[38],"GPUs,":[39],"because:":[40],"(i)":[41],"cost":[43],"function":[44],"for":[45],"ranking":[47],"problem":[48],"much":[50],"more":[51],"complex":[52,93],"than":[53],"that":[54],"traditional":[56],"Back-Propagation(BP)":[57],"NNs,":[58],"and":[59,140],"(ii)":[60],"no":[61],"coarse-grained":[62],"parallelism":[63],"exists":[64],"in":[65,95,109],"This":[68],"article":[69],"presents":[70],"an":[71],"FPGA-based":[72],"accelerator":[73,132],"solution":[74],"provide":[76],"high":[77],"computing":[78,94],"performance":[79],"with":[80,103,147],"low":[81],"power":[82],"consumption.":[83],"A":[84],"compact":[85],"deep":[86],"pipeline":[87],"proposed":[89],"handle":[91],"batch":[97],"updating.":[98],"The":[99,131],"area":[100],"scales":[101],"linearly":[102],"number":[105],"hidden":[107],"nodes":[108],"We":[112],"also":[113],"carefully":[114],"design":[115],"a":[116,155],"data":[117,126],"format":[118],"enable":[120],"streaming":[121],"consumption":[122],"training":[125],"from":[127,154],"host":[129],"computer.":[130],"shows":[133],"up":[134],"15.3X":[136],"(with":[137,142],"PCIe":[138,143],"x4)":[139],"23.9X":[141],"x8)":[144],"speedup":[145],"compared":[146],"pure":[149],"software":[150],"implementation":[151],"on":[152],"datasets":[153],"commercial":[156],"engine.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
