{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168245849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1993744.1993767","title":"Greening geographical load balancing","display_name":"Greening geographical load balancing","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168245849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1993744.1993767","mag":"2168245849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1993744.1993767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1993744.1993767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420216","display_name":"Zhenhua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-4502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103290090","display_name":"Minghong Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062565732","display_name":"Adam Wierman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5923-0199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Wierman","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069455858","display_name":"Steven H. Low","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6476-3048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven H. Low","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011921013","display_name":"Lachlan L. H. Andrew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0267-1062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lachlan L.H. Andrew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100420216"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":147.0873,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":456,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99985227,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"233","last_page":"244"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.5688242316246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"Cost reduction","score":0.5053103566169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"Energy expenditure","score":0.48739272356033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4841209352016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47457268834114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-cost","display_name":"Energy cost","score":0.46733295917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.4328828752040863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4310660660266876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.4292200207710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.21193912625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.20364582538604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1413167119026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12206479907035828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10073277354240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09338366985321045}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5688242316246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.5053103566169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988147884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy expenditure","level":2,"score":0.48739272356033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4841209352016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47457268834114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019966295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341368","display_name":"Energy cost","level":2,"score":0.46733295917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.4328828752040863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4310660660266876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.4292200207710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.21193912625312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.20364582538604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1413167119026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12206479907035828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10073277354240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09338366985321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1993744.1993767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1993744.1993767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchbank.swinburne.edu.au:ef12be78-3c15-426c-8763-3a87f410a2b2/1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/199309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401157","display_name":"Swinburne Research Bank (Swinburne University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","host_organization_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems (SIGMETRICS 11), San Jose, California, United States, 07-11 June 2011, Vol. 39, pp. 233-244","raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W348001478","https://openalex.org/W1603765807","https://openalex.org/W1821730416","https://openalex.org/W1924988589","https://openalex.org/W1974487043","https://openalex.org/W1995693352","https://openalex.org/W1999971903","https://openalex.org/W2005012890","https://openalex.org/W2014008637","https://openalex.org/W2014754047","https://openalex.org/W2020196954","https://openalex.org/W2027077820","https://openalex.org/W2030810346","https://openalex.org/W2031825849","https://openalex.org/W2034039215","https://openalex.org/W2053211348","https://openalex.org/W2055077314","https://openalex.org/W2063397770","https://openalex.org/W2065903070","https://openalex.org/W2091812828","https://openalex.org/W2097411233","https://openalex.org/W2102910133","https://openalex.org/W2106315327","https://openalex.org/W2110999878","https://openalex.org/W2111234504","https://openalex.org/W2112694890","https://openalex.org/W2114037820","https://openalex.org/W2114247920","https://openalex.org/W2117792098","https://openalex.org/W2118955868","https://openalex.org/W2130384722","https://openalex.org/W2135798231","https://openalex.org/W2139041001","https://openalex.org/W2147917110","https://openalex.org/W2153319198","https://openalex.org/W2155195319","https://openalex.org/W2157357672","https://openalex.org/W2160962213","https://openalex.org/W2164510519","https://openalex.org/W2166055703","https://openalex.org/W2172016740","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2798766386","https://openalex.org/W4249667877","https://openalex.org/W4254313632","https://openalex.org/W6677683645","https://openalex.org/W6750230808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3188789063","https://openalex.org/W4214747436","https://openalex.org/W2598517480","https://openalex.org/W1893812361","https://openalex.org/W2998055095","https://openalex.org/W2162890423","https://openalex.org/W2021550940","https://openalex.org/W2144049947","https://openalex.org/W2161977568","https://openalex.org/W2050671639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"expenditure":[1],"has":[2,16],"become":[3],"a":[4],"significant":[5],"fraction":[6],"of":[7,34],"data":[8],"center":[9],"operating":[10],"costs.":[11],"Recently,":[12],"\"geographical":[13],"load":[14],"balancing\"":[15],"been":[17],"suggested":[18],"to":[19],"reduce":[20],"energy":[21,40],"cost":[22,35],"by":[23],"exploiting":[24],"the":[25],"electricity":[26],"price":[27],"differences":[28],"across":[29],"regions.":[30],"However,":[31],"this":[32],"reduction":[33],"can":[36],"paradoxically":[37],"increase":[38],"total":[39],"use.":[41]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":47}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
