{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156477505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1991996.1992042","title":"Active learning through notes data in Flickr","display_name":"Active learning through notes data in Flickr","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156477505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1991996.1992042","mag":"2156477505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1991996.1992042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1991996.1992042","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729833","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-059X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643097","display_name":"Jun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-1661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040285913","display_name":"Chaoran Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-1348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoran Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061435467","display_name":"Piji Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-3692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piji Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100729833"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84056963,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pascal","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","score":0.8770153522491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8204814195632935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.7203613519668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement","display_name":"Complement (music)","score":0.61160808801651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5880140066146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5515050888061523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5511769652366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labeled-data","display_name":"Labeled data","score":0.5396658778190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5134114027023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-object","display_name":"Learning object","score":0.4813871681690216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.46112579107284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.44004106521606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4332568049430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4233986735343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2795013189315796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75608658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","level":2,"score":0.8770153522491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8204814195632935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.7203613519668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.61160808801651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5880140066146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5515050888061523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5511769652366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.5396658778190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5134114027023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779542340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062461","display_name":"Learning object","level":2,"score":0.4813871681690216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.46112579107284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.44004106521606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4332568049430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4233986735343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2795013189315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1991996.1992042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1991996.1992042","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1896504336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"60970047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7119215469","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20100471503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567365482","https://openalex.org/W1739260168","https://openalex.org/W1952794764","https://openalex.org/W1979572481","https://openalex.org/W1981613567","https://openalex.org/W2007972815","https://openalex.org/W2016405781","https://openalex.org/W2018573225","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2045735169","https://openalex.org/W2066055909","https://openalex.org/W2070959357","https://openalex.org/W2080289064","https://openalex.org/W2089720846","https://openalex.org/W2098742124","https://openalex.org/W2099355420","https://openalex.org/W2099550922","https://openalex.org/W2104841471","https://openalex.org/W2106874006","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2113741880","https://openalex.org/W2116220981","https://openalex.org/W2123053055","https://openalex.org/W2124244761","https://openalex.org/W2135106139","https://openalex.org/W2138079527","https://openalex.org/W2140539195","https://openalex.org/W2141282920","https://openalex.org/W2151023586","https://openalex.org/W2155803963","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162708558","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2172191903","https://openalex.org/W2534457893","https://openalex.org/W2538008885","https://openalex.org/W2540698934","https://openalex.org/W2999943684","https://openalex.org/W4248221484","https://openalex.org/W6728639787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1663079876","https://openalex.org/W3042343907","https://openalex.org/W4295335600","https://openalex.org/W34092691","https://openalex.org/W2949671220","https://openalex.org/W2365028544","https://openalex.org/W4309984931","https://openalex.org/W2168489430","https://openalex.org/W121244246","https://openalex.org/W4312390859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"of":[1,21,79],"the":[2,19,44,93,119,128],"state-of-the-art":[3],"systems":[4],"for":[5,35,56,72,143],"object":[6,36,57,144],"localization":[7,37],"rely":[8],"on":[9,118],"supervised":[10],"machine":[11],"learning":[12,102],"techniques,":[13],"and":[14,39,123],"are":[15,81],"thus":[16],"limited":[17],"by":[18,98,132],"lack":[20],"labeled":[22],"training":[23,33,89,94,129,141],"data.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"our":[28,133],"motivation":[29],"is":[30,96],"to":[31,67,112],"provide":[32],"dataset":[34],"effectively":[38],"efficiently.":[40],"We":[41],"argue":[42],"that":[43,127],"notes":[45],"data":[46,130,142],"in":[47],"Flickr":[48],"can":[49,135],"be":[50],"exploited":[51],"as":[52,84],"a":[53,63,73,77],"novel":[54],"source":[55],"modeling.":[58],"At":[59,91],"first,":[60],"we":[61],"apply":[62],"text":[64],"mining":[65],"method":[66],"gather":[68],"semantically":[69],"related":[70],"images":[71,80,86],"specific":[74],"class.":[75],"Then":[76],"handful":[78],"selected":[82],"manually":[83],"seed":[85],"or":[87,137],"initial":[88],"set.":[90],"last,":[92],"set":[95],"expanded":[97],"an":[99],"incremental":[100],"active":[101],"framework.":[103],"Our":[104],"approach":[105,134],"requires":[106],"significantly":[107],"less":[108],"manual":[109],"supervision":[110],"compared":[111],"standard":[113],"methods.":[114],"The":[115],"experimental":[116],"results":[117],"PASCAL":[120],"VOC":[121],"2007":[122],"NUS-WIDE":[124],"datasets":[125],"show":[126],"acquired":[131],"complement":[136],"even":[138],"substitute":[139],"conventional":[140],"localization.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
