{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002669513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1985374.1985391","title":"The fractal dimension metric and its use to assess object-oriented software quality","display_name":"The fractal dimension metric and its use to assess object-oriented software quality","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002669513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1985374.1985391","mag":"2002669513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1985374.1985391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1985374.1985391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Metrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070224472","display_name":"Ivana Turnu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivana Turnu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110597990","display_name":"Giulio Concas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulio Concas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073485643","display_name":"Michele Marchesi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-4324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Marchesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076859372","display_name":"Roberto Tonelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-7698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Tonelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070224472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5277,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87969755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9107999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension","display_name":"Fractal dimension","score":0.7634689807891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal","display_name":"Fractal","score":0.6892188191413879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6005064249038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-metric","display_name":"Software metric","score":0.5893224477767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-analysis","display_name":"Fractal analysis","score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5522992014884949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.546349823474884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.54069983959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5280680656433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/box-counting","display_name":"Box counting","score":0.5260049104690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension-on-networks","display_name":"Fractal dimension on networks","score":0.5049052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eclipse","display_name":"Eclipse","score":0.5032064318656921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.4321345388889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.42365339398384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.38689330220222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3473723530769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3357829451560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13280874490737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.08529460430145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0829007625579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08275628089904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08248811960220337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26546657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452","display_name":"Fractal dimension","level":3,"score":0.7634689807891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.6892188191413879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6005064249038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82214349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657339","display_name":"Software metric","level":5,"score":0.5893224477767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162494671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845227","display_name":"Fractal analysis","level":4,"score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5522992014884949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.546349823474884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.54069983959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5280680656433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99008458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4951583","display_name":"Box counting","level":5,"score":0.5260049104690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60396315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477489","display_name":"Fractal dimension on networks","level":5,"score":0.5049052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778505590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141022","display_name":"Eclipse","level":2,"score":0.5032064318656921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.4321345388889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.42365339398384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.38689330220222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3473723530769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3357829451560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13280874490737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.08529460430145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0829007625579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08275628089904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08248811960220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1985374.1985391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1985374.1985391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Metrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/107464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11584/107464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573579329","https://openalex.org/W1970656444","https://openalex.org/W1973353128","https://openalex.org/W1982573076","https://openalex.org/W1998147510","https://openalex.org/W2003665625","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2009090349","https://openalex.org/W2053698573","https://openalex.org/W2082171899","https://openalex.org/W2117495845","https://openalex.org/W2122581326","https://openalex.org/W2145416273","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2306941104","https://openalex.org/W4233497874","https://openalex.org/W6634264458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005939750","https://openalex.org/W1967009508","https://openalex.org/W4283394172","https://openalex.org/W4200607304","https://openalex.org/W2371203286","https://openalex.org/W64698119","https://openalex.org/W3102074659","https://openalex.org/W2152843169","https://openalex.org/W2007667989","https://openalex.org/W2003790600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,41,88],"present":[1],"a":[2,14,18,28,71,90,115,120,147],"study":[3],"were":[4],"software":[5,24,50,153,165],"systems":[6],"are":[7,128],"considered":[8,145],"as":[9,33,64,66,70,146],"complex":[10,23],"networks":[11,25],"which":[12],"have":[13],"self-similar":[15,29],"structure":[16],"under":[17],"length-scale":[19],"transformation.":[20],"On":[21],"such":[22],"we":[26],"computed":[27,131],"coefficient,":[30],"also":[31],"known":[32],"fractal":[34,54,96,111,141],"dimension,":[35],"using":[36],"\"the":[37],"box":[38],"counting":[39],"method\".":[40],"analyzed":[42,86],"various":[43],"releases":[44],"of":[45,101],"the":[46,53,80,85,95,99,110,140],"publically":[47],"available":[48],"Eclipse":[49,104],"systems,":[51],"calculating":[52],"dimension":[55,97,112,142],"for":[56,61,67,103,106,151,162],"twenty":[57,107],"sub-projects,":[58],"randomly":[59],"chosen,":[60],"every":[62,133],"release,":[63],"well":[65],"each":[68],"release":[69],"whole.":[72],"Our":[73,155],"results":[74,156],"display":[75],"an":[76],"overall":[77],"consistency":[78],"among":[79,83],"sub-projects":[81],"and":[82,98,105,125],"all":[84],"releases.":[87],"found":[89],"very":[91],"good":[92],"correlation":[93],"between":[94],"number":[100,117],"bugs":[102],"sub-projects.":[108],"Since":[109],"is":[113],"just":[114],"scalar":[116],"that":[118,139],"characterizes":[119],"whole":[121],"system,":[122],"while":[123],"complexity":[124],"quality":[126,149],"metrics":[127],"in":[129],"general":[130],"on":[132],"system":[134],"module,":[135],"this":[136],"result":[137],"suggests":[138],"could":[143],"be":[144,160],"global":[148],"metric":[150],"large":[152,164],"systems.":[154,166],"need":[157],"however":[158],"to":[159],"confirmed":[161],"other":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}