{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002340287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1940761.1940773","title":"Things fall apart","display_name":"Things fall apart","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002340287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1940761.1940773","mag":"2002340287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1940761.1940773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1940761.1940773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523619","display_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 iConference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 iConference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101637116","display_name":"Steven J. Jackson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-1320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steven J. Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan","(University of Michigan)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091260665","display_name":"Alex Pompe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Pompe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan","(University of Michigan)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025135204","display_name":"Gabriel Krieshok","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Krieshok","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan","(University of Michigan)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101637116"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94679368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"83","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11499","display_name":"ICT Impact and Policies","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9435999989509583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarship","display_name":"Scholarship","score":0.8468134999275208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"Sustainability","score":0.6400509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5246815085411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.48195502161979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.46077412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4412309229373932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.41614586114883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.35140472650527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.3479764461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.32155799865722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3061620593070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.234613299369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11919200420379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.08701321482658386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.8468134999275208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.6400509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5246815085411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48195502161979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46077412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4412309229373932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41614586114883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35140472650527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3479764461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32155799865722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3061620593070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.234613299369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11919200420379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08701321482658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1940761.1940773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1940761.1940773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523619","display_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 iConference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 iConference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8841884","https://openalex.org/W38680425","https://openalex.org/W298082197","https://openalex.org/W390278727","https://openalex.org/W977824391","https://openalex.org/W1536857969","https://openalex.org/W1551775303","https://openalex.org/W1783594902","https://openalex.org/W2020905918","https://openalex.org/W2024642405","https://openalex.org/W2041656516","https://openalex.org/W2069358286","https://openalex.org/W2070724824","https://openalex.org/W2081688945","https://openalex.org/W2090177212","https://openalex.org/W2114887779","https://openalex.org/W2130645129","https://openalex.org/W2135334990","https://openalex.org/W2145416564","https://openalex.org/W2270405047","https://openalex.org/W2290568955","https://openalex.org/W2317590407","https://openalex.org/W2323473282","https://openalex.org/W2481191856","https://openalex.org/W2552999984","https://openalex.org/W2653396589","https://openalex.org/W2792521953","https://openalex.org/W4243771742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355650008","https://openalex.org/W4240762098","https://openalex.org/W1548588747","https://openalex.org/W2383304772","https://openalex.org/W2066005781","https://openalex.org/W2080540818","https://openalex.org/W2110621609","https://openalex.org/W230666287","https://openalex.org/W2260089286","https://openalex.org/W2357879326"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Repair":[0],"and":[1,8,11,52,54,58,67,77,81,85,98,103],"maintenance":[2,51,57,80],"haunt":[3],"the":[4,26,40,73,86],"margins":[5],"of":[6,45,63],"ICT":[7],"development":[9],"('ICTD')":[10],"broader":[12],"information":[13],"school":[14],"scholarship,":[15],"but":[16,42],"have":[17],"rarely":[18],"received":[19],"central":[20],"theoretical":[21],"or":[22],"empirical":[23],"attention":[24],"in":[25,69,79,83,90],"field.":[27],"This":[28],"paper":[29,74],"attempts":[30],"to":[31],"fill":[32],"this":[33],"gap.":[34],"Theoretically,":[35],"it":[36],"explores":[37],"ideas":[38],"from":[39],"growing":[41],"scattered":[43],"body":[44],"social":[46],"science":[47],"work":[48],"around":[49],"infrastructure,":[50],"repair,":[53],"argues":[55],"for":[56,100],"repair":[59,82],"as":[60],"key":[61,96],"sites":[62],"difference,":[64],"innovation,":[65],"power,":[66],"sustainability":[68],"ICTD":[70,102],"settings.":[71],"Empirically,":[72],"examines":[75],"patterns":[76],"tensions":[78],"Rundu":[84],"wider":[87],"Kavango":[88],"region":[89],"northeastern":[91],"Namibia.":[92],"We":[93],"conclude":[94],"with":[95],"findings":[97],"lessons":[99],"future":[101],"iSchool":[104],"scholarship.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}