{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2166134918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899503.1899555","title":"An informed genetic algorithm for the high school timetabling problem","display_name":"An informed genetic algorithm for the high school timetabling problem","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2166134918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899503.1899555","mag":"2166134918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1899503.1899555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899503.1899555","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081976555","display_name":"Rushil Raghavjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6010-1431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rushil Raghavjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060039893","display_name":"Nelishia Pillay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3902-5582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelishia Pillay","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, SouthAfrica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, SouthAfrica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"408","last_page":"412"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.8382419347763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.703711748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6136401891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.609886109828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5608693361282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5578897595405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5096256732940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.45052438974380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.41418182849884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.4141174852848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2549002170562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20829197764396667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20287790894508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.186555415391922}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.8382419347763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.703711748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6136401891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.609886109828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5608693361282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5578897595405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5096256732940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45052438974380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.41418182849884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.4141174852848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2549002170562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20829197764396667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20287790894508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.186555415391922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1899503.1899555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899503.1899555","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1498349744","https://openalex.org/W1541670570","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1659842140","https://openalex.org/W1787640033","https://openalex.org/W1968210732","https://openalex.org/W1985778927","https://openalex.org/W1993394050","https://openalex.org/W1996006679","https://openalex.org/W2003627177","https://openalex.org/W2004417381","https://openalex.org/W2011760778","https://openalex.org/W2072651496","https://openalex.org/W2078389146","https://openalex.org/W2086961057","https://openalex.org/W2112255588","https://openalex.org/W2149331957","https://openalex.org/W2163224993","https://openalex.org/W2186535144","https://openalex.org/W2911916805","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280422768","https://openalex.org/W3143197806","https://openalex.org/W4252555497","https://openalex.org/W3121175838","https://openalex.org/W3016293053","https://openalex.org/W1690653314","https://openalex.org/W2401723157","https://openalex.org/W2065055572","https://openalex.org/W2784269775","https://openalex.org/W2952904874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17,48,111,147],"high":[1,20,41],"school":[2,9,21],"timetabling":[3],"problem":[4,22,37],"differs":[5],"drastically":[6],"from":[7,13,133],"one":[8,134],"to":[10,15,34,54,103,136],"another":[11],"and":[12,145],"country":[14],"country.":[16],"South":[18],"African":[19],"has":[23],"not":[24],"been":[25],"researched.":[26],"This":[27],"paper":[28,148],"presents":[29],"a":[30,39,52,56,70],"genetic":[31],"algorithm":[32],"(GA)":[33],"solve":[35],"this":[36,124],"for":[38,123,159],"particular":[40],"school.":[42],"A":[43],"two-phase":[44],"approach":[45],"is":[46,101],"taken.":[47],"first":[49,81,109],"phase":[50,69,82],"uses":[51],"GA":[53,71,127],"evolve":[55],"timetable":[57],"that":[58],"meets":[59],"the":[60,64,67,73,76,80,85,90,95,105,108,115,137,140,152],"hard":[61],"constraints":[62],"of":[63,75,89,97,117,142,154],"problem.":[65],"During":[66],"second":[68],"improves":[72],"quality":[74],"solutions":[77],"found":[78],"during":[79,107],"by":[83,139],"reducing":[84],"soft":[86],"constraint":[87],"cost":[88],"timetable.":[91],"Domain":[92],"knowledge,":[93],"in":[94],"form":[96],"low-level":[98,120],"construction":[99,121],"heuristics,":[100],"used":[102],"guide":[104],"search":[106],"phase.":[110],"study":[112],"experiments":[113],"with":[114],"effect":[116],"using":[118],"different":[119,155],"heuristics":[122],"purpose.":[125],"Each":[126],"iteratively":[128],"refines":[129],"an":[130],"initial":[131],"population":[132],"generation":[135],"next":[138],"processes":[141],"evaluation,":[143],"selection":[144],"regeneration.":[146,160],"also":[149],"reports":[150],"on":[151],"performance":[153],"mutation":[156],"operators":[157],"tested":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}