{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171314781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899412.1899419","title":"Automatic player labeling, tracking and field registration and trajectory mapping in broadcast soccer video","display_name":"Automatic player labeling, tracking and field registration and trajectory mapping in broadcast soccer video","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171314781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899412.1899419","mag":"2171314781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1899412.1899419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899412.1899419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036314525","display_name":"Xiaofeng Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2227-7441"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409741","display_name":"Jia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-0934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453442","display_name":"Tao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-8717"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391587","display_name":"Yimin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7673-8800"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel China Research Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0597,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89793732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8556338548660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7631195187568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7077628374099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.48597490787506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.4590418040752411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.4452824294567108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.4281056821346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.41913753747940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.29408133029937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.22014671564102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.2190455198287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.16945958137512207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8556338548660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7631195187568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7077628374099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.48597490787506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.4590418040752411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.4452824294567108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.4281056821346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.41913753747940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.29408133029937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.22014671564102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.2190455198287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.16945958137512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1899412.1899419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1899412.1899419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486632395","https://openalex.org/W1509366428","https://openalex.org/W1528789833","https://openalex.org/W1768921720","https://openalex.org/W1966427412","https://openalex.org/W1991797445","https://openalex.org/W1995903777","https://openalex.org/W2008212701","https://openalex.org/W2018245108","https://openalex.org/W2031363864","https://openalex.org/W2045091808","https://openalex.org/W2069739265","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2095640719","https://openalex.org/W2096349671","https://openalex.org/W2098669323","https://openalex.org/W2099049777","https://openalex.org/W2105393767","https://openalex.org/W2112116899","https://openalex.org/W2116520521","https://openalex.org/W2117082318","https://openalex.org/W2120079785","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2127021804","https://openalex.org/W2127923214","https://openalex.org/W2130978801","https://openalex.org/W2133102330","https://openalex.org/W2147953023","https://openalex.org/W2159589751","https://openalex.org/W2159669057","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2166563909","https://openalex.org/W2168386954","https://openalex.org/W2171677186","https://openalex.org/W2172066707","https://openalex.org/W2571050459","https://openalex.org/W3140428646","https://openalex.org/W3143835353","https://openalex.org/W3187867541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204184292","https://openalex.org/W3176564347","https://openalex.org/W1985458517","https://openalex.org/W2355833770","https://openalex.org/W3031039437","https://openalex.org/W183202219","https://openalex.org/W3095877357","https://openalex.org/W2615278000","https://openalex.org/W2360075875","https://openalex.org/W2018476639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,88],"this":[1,221],"article,":[2],"we":[3,132,141,181],"present":[4],"a":[5,48,89,92],"method":[6,112,222],"to":[7,74,113,117,154,164,192,204],"perform":[8,142],"automatic":[9],"player":[10,15,72,78,82,93,129,156,235],"trajectories":[11,203],"mapping":[12,187],"based":[13,44],"on":[14,213],"detection,":[16],"unsupervised":[17,86],"labeling,":[18],"efficient":[19],"multi-object":[20,143],"tracking,":[21],"and":[22,35,47,80,128,135,176,184,197,202,227,240,243],"playfield":[23],"registration":[24,247],"in":[25,232],"broadcast":[26],"soccer":[27,90],"videos.":[28],"Player":[29],"detector":[30,50,73],"determines":[31],"the":[32,39,57,65,71,111,125,166,186,193,205],"players'":[33,200],"positions":[34],"scales":[36],"by":[37,85,145],"combining":[38],"ability":[40],"of":[41,67,77,99,210,234],"dominant":[42,58,126],"color":[43,59,62,127],"background":[45],"subtraction":[46],"boosting":[49],"with":[51,60],"Haar":[52],"features.":[53],"We":[54],"first":[55],"learn":[56,81],"accumulate":[61],"histogram":[63],"at":[64],"beginning":[66],"processing,":[68],"then":[69,198],"use":[70],"collect":[75],"hundreds":[76],"samples,":[79],"appearance":[83,130],"codebook":[84],"clustering.":[87],"game,":[91],"can":[94,133,223],"be":[95,114],"labeled":[96],"as":[97,171],"one":[98],"four":[100],"categories:":[101],"two":[102],"teams,":[103],"referee":[104],"or":[105],"outlier.":[106],"The":[107],"learning":[108],"capability":[109],"enables":[110],"generalized":[115],"well":[116],"different":[118],"videos":[119,218],"without":[120],"any":[121],"manual":[122],"initialization.":[123],"With":[124],"model,":[131,196],"locate":[134],"label":[136,172],"each":[137],"player.":[138],"After":[139],"that,":[140],"tracking":[144,231],"using":[146],"Markov":[147,167],"Chain":[148],"Monte":[149],"Carlo":[150],"(MCMC)":[151],"data":[152,159],"association":[153],"generate":[155],"trajectories.":[157],"Some":[158],"driven":[160],"dynamics":[161],"are":[162],"proposed":[163],"improve":[165],"chain's":[168],"efficiency,":[169],"such":[170],"consistency,":[173,175],"motion":[174,239],"track":[177],"length,":[178],"etc.":[179],"Finally,":[180],"extract":[182],"key-points":[183],"find":[185],"from":[188],"an":[189],"image":[190],"plane":[191],"standard":[194],"field":[195,246],"map":[199],"position":[201],"field.":[206],"A":[207],"large":[208],"quantity":[209],"experimental":[211],"results":[212],"FIFA":[214],"World":[215],"Cup":[216],"2006":[217],"demonstrate":[219],"that":[220],"reach":[224],"high":[225],"detection":[226],"labeling":[228],"precision,":[229],"reliably":[230],"scenes":[233],"occlusion,":[236],"moderate":[237],"camera":[238],"pose":[241],"variation,":[242],"yield":[244],"promising":[245],"results.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
