{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058208784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1870103.1870107","title":"XML with incomplete information","display_name":"XML with incomplete information","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058208784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1870103.1870107","mag":"2058208784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1870103.1870107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1870103.1870107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051683347","display_name":"Pablo Barcel\u00f3","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-2653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Barcel\u00f3","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","University of Chile -- Santiago, Chile#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chile -- Santiago, Chile#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069883356","display_name":"Leonid Libkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-2735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonid Libkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh , UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082399973","display_name":"Antonella Poggi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-3458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonella Poggi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060233663","display_name":"Cristina Sirangelo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-512X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11559806","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx6zz33","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11559806","https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Sirangelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENS-Cachan and INRIA, Cedex, France","ENS-Cachan and INRIA, Cedex, France#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENS-Cachan and INRIA, Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11559806","https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENS-Cachan and INRIA, Cedex, France#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11559806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051683347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95194872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.801100492477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml-schema","display_name":"XML Schema (W3C)","score":0.5820015668869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.5372035503387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5195477604866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-structure-description","display_name":"Document Structure Description","score":0.5172293782234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.46506741642951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complete-information","display_name":"Complete information","score":0.45497962832450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml-validation","display_name":"XML validation","score":0.4500496983528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3481634259223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-type-definition","display_name":"Document type definition","score":0.22159028053283691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18841493129730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13343679904937744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.801100492477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40713593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16342","display_name":"XML Schema (W3C)","level":5,"score":0.5820015668869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.5372035503387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5195477604866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68699486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265904","display_name":"Document Structure Description","level":3,"score":0.5172293782234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.46506741642951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.45497962832450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55348073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595926","display_name":"XML validation","level":3,"score":0.4500496983528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3481634259223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84314905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212327","display_name":"Document type definition","level":4,"score":0.22159028053283691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18841493129730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13343679904937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1870103.1870107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1870103.1870107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.306.6772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.306.6772","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/libkin/papers/jacm-pods09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/400165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650722109&partnerID=65&md5=53a58e97d3c90bf2e9060813c29a95f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/92204a63-8922-4181-85e9-f4a403d79f97","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78650722109&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G582362311","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7-ICT-233599","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334960","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6484430163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E005039F028288G049165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7227879040","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11080011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338073","funder_display_name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7537944442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G049165/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334960","display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338073","display_name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/02ap3w078"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51516856","https://openalex.org/W193121434","https://openalex.org/W622266756","https://openalex.org/W1489366126","https://openalex.org/W1499274542","https://openalex.org/W1516630410","https://openalex.org/W1516952404","https://openalex.org/W1527777107","https://openalex.org/W1542510688","https://openalex.org/W1558832481","https://openalex.org/W1568843177","https://openalex.org/W1927596640","https://openalex.org/W1966124751","https://openalex.org/W1969340050","https://openalex.org/W1983524017","https://openalex.org/W1985578047","https://openalex.org/W1988662949","https://openalex.org/W1990391007","https://openalex.org/W1992673035","https://openalex.org/W1996923081","https://openalex.org/W2016948832","https://openalex.org/W2032728598","https://openalex.org/W2047551518","https://openalex.org/W2050171146","https://openalex.org/W2051736015","https://openalex.org/W2054014134","https://openalex.org/W2062796915","https://openalex.org/W2063039776","https://openalex.org/W2102729564","https://openalex.org/W2109486375","https://openalex.org/W2111789076","https://openalex.org/W2112167310","https://openalex.org/W2121043820","https://openalex.org/W2133278242","https://openalex.org/W2147973254","https://openalex.org/W2150137825","https://openalex.org/W2157308304","https://openalex.org/W2160983447","https://openalex.org/W2169602474","https://openalex.org/W2170183673","https://openalex.org/W2479149412","https://openalex.org/W3104723580","https://openalex.org/W4245569436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146760738","https://openalex.org/W2376675693","https://openalex.org/W2378161351","https://openalex.org/W1970085714","https://openalex.org/W2181356758","https://openalex.org/W2013920494","https://openalex.org/W1880452510","https://openalex.org/W1600174612","https://openalex.org/W56340752","https://openalex.org/W2352672621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,113],"study":[1,21],"models":[2],"of":[3,22,50,53,60,75,83,90,100,104,123,133,142],"incomplete":[4,25,51,76,108,143],"information":[5,26,77,129],"for":[6],"XML,":[7],"their":[8],"computational":[9,65,94,136],"properties,":[10],"and":[11,56,110,126,138],"query":[12,111,149],"answering.":[13,112],"While":[14],"our":[15],"approach":[16],"is":[17,45,78],"motivated":[18],"by":[19,107],"the":[20,81,121,131],"relational":[23],"incompleteness,":[24],"in":[27],"XML":[28,54,144],"documents":[29,106],"may":[30],"appear":[31],"not":[32],"only":[33],"as":[34,39,118],"null":[35,84],"values":[36,85],"but":[37],"also":[38],"missing":[40,127],"structural":[41,88,128],"information.":[42],"Our":[43,73],"goal":[44],"to":[46,63],"provide":[47],"a":[48],"classification":[49,74],"descriptions":[52,89,145],"documents,":[55],"separate":[57],"features\u2014or":[58],"groups":[59],"features\u2014that":[61],"lead":[62],"hard":[64],"problems":[66,95],"from":[67],"those":[68],"that":[69,146],"admit":[70],"efficient":[71],"algorithms.":[72],"based":[79],"on":[80],"combination":[82],"with":[86],"partial":[87,101],"documents.":[91],"The":[92],"key":[93],"we":[96],"consider":[97],"are":[98],"consistency":[99],"descriptions,":[102],"representability":[103],"complete":[105],"ones,":[109],"show":[114],"how":[115],"factors":[116],"such":[117],"schema":[119],"information,":[120],"presence":[122],"node":[124],"ids,":[125],"affect":[130],"complexity":[132],"these":[134],"main":[135],"problems,":[137],"find":[139],"robust":[140],"classes":[141],"permit":[147],"tractable":[148],"evaluation.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
