{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085315973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1869459.1869529","title":"Flexible modeling tools for pre-requirements analysis","display_name":"Flexible modeling tools for pre-requirements analysis","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085315973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1869459.1869529","mag":"2085315973"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1869459.1869529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1869459.1869529","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004884291","display_name":"Harold Ossher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harold Ossher","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054098149","display_name":"Rachel Bellamy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Bellamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070880385","display_name":"Ian Simmonds","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Simmonds","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091426680","display_name":"David Amid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Amid","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078882226","display_name":"Ateret Anaby-Tavor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ateret Anaby-Tavor","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047903601","display_name":"Matthew Callery","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Callery","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056038276","display_name":"Michael Desmond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-1161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Desmond","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054658850","display_name":"Jacqueline de Vries","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0009-1323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline de Vries","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054242644","display_name":"Amit Fisher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Haifa Research Center, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058951833","display_name":"Sophia Krasikov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophia Krasikov","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004884291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2643,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97421032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"848","last_page":"864"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6789844036102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.6445422172546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5540590882301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/futures-contract","display_name":"Futures contract","score":0.4635803699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4626714885234833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-architecture","display_name":"Software architecture","score":0.43102675676345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.40378838777542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.38897427916526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26677268743515015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789844036102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.6445422172546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5540590882301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106306483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183984","display_name":"Futures contract","level":2,"score":0.4635803699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4626714885234833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.43102675676345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.40378838777542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.38897427916526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26677268743515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1869459.1869529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1869459.1869529","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W170842476","https://openalex.org/W1516293359","https://openalex.org/W1532597100","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1966284460","https://openalex.org/W1976714590","https://openalex.org/W1983160424","https://openalex.org/W1986186023","https://openalex.org/W1990100773","https://openalex.org/W2001914359","https://openalex.org/W2012656354","https://openalex.org/W2012856494","https://openalex.org/W2012959900","https://openalex.org/W2016914525","https://openalex.org/W2054097655","https://openalex.org/W2117490177","https://openalex.org/W2117870171","https://openalex.org/W2123976282","https://openalex.org/W2133633001","https://openalex.org/W2142188456","https://openalex.org/W2159861707","https://openalex.org/W2162885111","https://openalex.org/W2167398843","https://openalex.org/W2294967233","https://openalex.org/W4246553962"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080194917","https://openalex.org/W2230611034","https://openalex.org/W2494020708","https://openalex.org/W4387762087","https://openalex.org/W2069474937","https://openalex.org/W3124189739","https://openalex.org/W2090424917","https://openalex.org/W2650639705","https://openalex.org/W1936095683","https://openalex.org/W2114769520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"serious":[1],"tool":[2,119],"gap":[3],"exists":[4],"at":[5],"the":[6,9,77,85,113],"start":[7],"of":[8,79,87],"software":[10],"lifecy-cle,":[11],"before":[12],"requirements":[13],"formulation.":[14],"Pre-requirements":[15],"analysts":[16],"gather":[17],"information,":[18],"organize":[19],"it":[20],"to":[21,32,54,73,104],"gain":[22],"insight,":[23],"en-vision":[24],"possible":[25],"futures,":[26],"and":[27,30,71,89,100],"present":[28],"insights":[29],"recom-mendations":[31],"stakeholders.":[33],"They":[34],"typically":[35],"use":[36],"office":[37,60,88],"tools,":[38,67,82,99],"which":[39,68,83],"give":[40],"great":[41],"freedom,":[42],"but":[43],"no":[44],"help":[45],"with":[46],"consistency":[47],"management,":[48],"change":[49],"propagation,":[50],"or":[51],"information":[52],"migration":[53],"downstream":[55],"tools.":[56,91],"Despite":[57],"these":[58],"downsides,":[59],"tools":[61],"are":[62,69],"still":[63],"favored":[64],"over":[65],"modeling":[66,81,90],"constrain-ing":[70],"difficult":[72],"use.":[74],"We":[75,92,110],"introduce":[76],"notion":[78],"flexible":[80],"blend":[84],"advantages":[86],"propose":[93],"a":[94,117],"conceptual":[95],"architecture":[96],"for":[97],"such":[98],"outline":[101],"research":[102],"challenges":[103],"be":[105],"met":[106],"in":[107],"realizing":[108],"them.":[109],"briefly":[111],"describe":[112],"Business":[114],"Insight":[115],"Toolkit,":[116],"prototype":[118],"embodying":[120],"this":[121],"architecture.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}