{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990575577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815961.1816024","title":"Necromancer","display_name":"Necromancer","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990575577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815961.1816024","mag":"1990575577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1815961.1816024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815961.1816024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049130587","display_name":"Amin Ansari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110112858","display_name":"Shuguang Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuguang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064330876","display_name":"Shantanu Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-1612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shantanu Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002075773","display_name":"Scott Mahlke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-0616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Mahlke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"473","last_page":"484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7649344801902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.6686728000640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.5784428119659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5748008489608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5502620935440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.5428653955459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5212993621826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4508303999900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4486619234085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.433595210313797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.42482441663742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.4130752384662628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3900487422943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20547226071357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2024737000465393}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7649344801902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.6686728000640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.5784428119659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5748008489608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5502620935440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.5428653955459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5212993621826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4508303999900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4486619234085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.433595210313797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.42482441663742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.4130752384662628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3900487422943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20547226071357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2024737000465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1815961.1816024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815961.1816024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579215414","https://openalex.org/W1976431848","https://openalex.org/W1991406672","https://openalex.org/W2000508209","https://openalex.org/W2008482633","https://openalex.org/W2099339734","https://openalex.org/W2099828501","https://openalex.org/W2100184706","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2104225326","https://openalex.org/W2112085716","https://openalex.org/W2114626867","https://openalex.org/W2116775565","https://openalex.org/W2117515905","https://openalex.org/W2119306084","https://openalex.org/W2120628323","https://openalex.org/W2125067970","https://openalex.org/W2125169487","https://openalex.org/W2125890858","https://openalex.org/W2126696437","https://openalex.org/W2128941141","https://openalex.org/W2129542184","https://openalex.org/W2135123845","https://openalex.org/W2138351227","https://openalex.org/W2144382742","https://openalex.org/W2144495364","https://openalex.org/W2151845324","https://openalex.org/W2153456949","https://openalex.org/W2157109334","https://openalex.org/W2157447136","https://openalex.org/W2157762234","https://openalex.org/W2159449877","https://openalex.org/W2159889776","https://openalex.org/W2160428323","https://openalex.org/W2164004001","https://openalex.org/W2170806963","https://openalex.org/W2172278174","https://openalex.org/W2275606101","https://openalex.org/W2998594222","https://openalex.org/W3148936090","https://openalex.org/W4235837895","https://openalex.org/W4238002809","https://openalex.org/W4243134243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W1996306926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aggressive":[0],"technology":[1],"scaling":[2],"into":[3,159],"the":[4,16,31,50,152,194,205,218,225],"nanometer":[5],"regime":[6],"has":[7],"led":[8],"to":[9,49,64,84,139,221],"a":[10,43,59,71,78,100,107,124,135,155,167,180,209,228],"host":[11],"of":[12,52,114,119,197,224,227,245],"reliability":[13],"challenges":[14],"in":[15,62,70,74,90,154,162],"last":[17],"several":[18],"years.":[19],"Unlike":[20],"on-chip":[21],"caches,":[22],"which":[23,68,163],"can":[24,171],"be":[25,82,172],"efficiently":[26],"protected":[27],"using":[28,175],"conventional":[29,156],"schemes,":[30],"general":[32],"core":[33,80,109,128,138,169,188,220],"area":[34,241],"is":[35,58],"less":[36],"homogeneous":[37],"and":[38,126,235,242,247],"structured,":[39],"making":[40],"tolerating":[41],"defects":[42],"much":[44],"more":[45],"challenging":[46],"problem.":[47],"Due":[48],"lack":[51],"effective":[53],"solutions,":[54],"disabling":[55],"non-functional":[56],"cores":[57,153],"common":[60],"practice":[61],"industry":[63],"enhance":[65],"manufacturing":[66],"yield,":[67],"results":[69],"significant":[72],"reduction":[73],"system":[75,141,158],"throughput.":[76],"Although":[77],"faulty":[79],"cannot":[81],"trusted":[83],"correctly":[85],"execute":[86],"programs,":[87],"we":[88,122,199],"observe":[89],"this":[91,120,186],"work":[92],"that":[93,133,170],"for":[94],"most":[95],"defects,":[96],"when":[97],"starting":[98],"from":[99,179,189,193],"valid":[101],"architectural":[102,202],"state,":[103],"execution":[104,130,177],"traces":[105],"on":[106,213],"defective":[108],"actually":[110],"coarsely":[111],"resemble":[112],"those":[113],"fault-free":[115],"executions.":[116],"In":[117],"light":[118],"insight,":[121],"propose":[123],"robust":[125],"heterogeneous":[127],"coupling":[129],"scheme,":[131],"Necromancer,":[132],"exploits":[134],"functionally":[136],"dead":[137,182],"improve":[140],"throughput":[142,236],"by":[143],"supplying":[144],"hints":[145,178],"regarding":[146],"high-level":[147],"program":[148],"behavior.":[149],"We":[150],"partition":[151],"CMP":[157,211],"multiple":[160],"groups":[161],"each":[164],"group":[165],"shares":[166],"lightweight":[168,206],"substantially":[173],"accelerated":[174],"these":[176],"potentially":[181],"core.":[183,207,231],"To":[184],"prevent":[185],"undead":[187],"wandering":[190],"too":[191],"far":[192],"correct":[195],"path":[196],"execution,":[198],"dynamically":[200],"resynchronize":[201],"state":[203],"with":[204],"For":[208],"4-core":[210],"system,":[212],"average,":[214],"our":[215],"approach":[216],"enables":[217],"coupled":[219],"achieve":[222],"78.5%":[223],"performance":[226],"fully":[229],"functioning":[230],"This":[232],"defect":[233],"tolerance":[234],"enhancement":[237],"comes":[238],"at":[239],"modest":[240],"power":[243],"overheads":[244],"5.3%":[246],"8.5%,":[248],"respectively.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
