{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170639752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815330.1815394","title":"A post-processing scheme for malayalam using statistical sub-character language models","display_name":"A post-processing scheme for malayalam using statistical sub-character language models","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170639752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815330.1815394","mag":"2170639752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1815330.1815394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815330.1815394","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071790852","display_name":"Karthika Mohan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0554-9433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karthika Mohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Visual Information Technology, IIIT-Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Visual Information Technology, IIIT-Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053112307","display_name":"C. V. Jawahar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6767-7057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. V. Jawahar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Visual Information Technology, IIIT-Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Visual Information Technology, IIIT-Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071790852"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89731421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"493","last_page":"500"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malayalam","display_name":"Malayalam","score":0.9563554525375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7465051412582397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7136524319648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6777423620223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hindi","display_name":"Hindi","score":0.6430315971374512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6184226274490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5957160592079163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5924022793769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.575538158416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5011234283447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.432783842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.23558980226516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18513494729995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07181626558303833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36236","display_name":"Malayalam","level":2,"score":0.9563554525375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7465051412582397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7136524319648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6777423620223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519982507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568","display_name":"Hindi","level":2,"score":0.6430315971374512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6184226274490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5957160592079163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5924022793769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.575538158416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5011234283447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.432783842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.23558980226516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18513494729995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07181626558303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1815330.1815394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1815330.1815394","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.417.8496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.417.8496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cvit.iiit.ac.in/papers/Karthika10APost.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206381512","https://openalex.org/W1487940167","https://openalex.org/W1538460311","https://openalex.org/W1554451661","https://openalex.org/W1955872292","https://openalex.org/W2003661734","https://openalex.org/W2038300492","https://openalex.org/W2044943596","https://openalex.org/W2097927681","https://openalex.org/W2102004320","https://openalex.org/W2107454498","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115239518","https://openalex.org/W2116723849","https://openalex.org/W2122092249","https://openalex.org/W2124877460","https://openalex.org/W2134574126","https://openalex.org/W2156532982","https://openalex.org/W2157224915","https://openalex.org/W2950186769","https://openalex.org/W6632255817","https://openalex.org/W6633204241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247864252","https://openalex.org/W66065814","https://openalex.org/W4385551813","https://openalex.org/W2942443517","https://openalex.org/W1955872292","https://openalex.org/W4327521388","https://openalex.org/W3134916539","https://openalex.org/W4303456479","https://openalex.org/W2503596982","https://openalex.org/W2564874160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"of":[1,13,41,52,61,66,72,82],"the":[2,14,39,49,64,73],"Indian":[3,84],"scripts":[4],"do":[5],"not":[6,97],"have":[7],"any":[8],"robust":[9],"commercial":[10],"OCRs.":[11],"Many":[12],"laboratory":[15],"prototypes":[16],"report":[17],"reasonable":[18],"results":[19],"at":[20],"recognition/classification":[21],"stage.":[22],"However,":[23],"word":[24,35,45,56],"level":[25],"accuracies":[26],"are":[27],"still":[28],"poor.":[29],"It":[30],"is":[31,57,76,96],"well":[32],"known":[33],"that":[34,60,81],"accuracy":[36],"decreases":[37],"as":[38,87],"number":[40,51,65],"characters":[42,53],"in":[43,54],"a":[44,55,90],"increase.":[46],"For":[47],"Malayalam,":[48],"average":[50],"almost":[58],"twice":[59],"English.":[62],"Moreover,":[63],"words":[67],"required":[68],"to":[69],"cover":[70],"80%":[71],"Malayalam":[74],"language":[75],"more":[77],"than":[78],"forty":[79],"times":[80],"other":[83],"languages":[85],"such":[86],"Hindi.":[88],"Hence":[89],"direct":[91],"dictionary":[92],"based":[93],"post-processing":[94],"scheme":[95],"suitable":[98],"for":[99],"Malayalam.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}