{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989142065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1795396.1795468","title":"Systems design by levels of integration","display_name":"Systems design by levels of integration","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989142065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1795396.1795468","mag":"1989142065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1795396.1795468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1795396.1795468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th annual Southeast regional conference on - ACM-SE 15","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035701392","display_name":"Larry M. Pearson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162662","display_name":"Digital Equipment (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/047vmzn25","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162662"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Larry Pearson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Ma"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Ma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162662"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072211157","display_name":"Steve Teicher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162662","display_name":"Digital Equipment (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/047vmzn25","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162662"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Teicher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Ma"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Ma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035701392"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162662"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19273504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"527","last_page":"527"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14420","display_name":"Advanced Research in Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.04349999874830246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14420","display_name":"Advanced Research in Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.04349999874830246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13732","display_name":"Aerospace, Electronics, Mathematical Modeling","score":0.041099999099969864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5598595142364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3759371042251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18242081999778748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5598595142364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3759371042251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18242081999778748}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1795396.1795468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1795396.1795468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th annual Southeast regional conference on - ACM-SE 15","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microcomputer":[0],"population":[1],"estimates":[2],"reported":[3],"in":[4,25,32],"the":[5,21,26,38,55,62,67,86,101,115],"press":[6],"suggest":[7,65],"that":[8,20,66],"over":[9],"60":[10],"million":[11],"identifiable":[12],"units":[13],"could":[14,60],"be":[15,29,61],"installed":[16],"before":[17],"1980,":[18],"and":[19,110],"rate":[22],"of":[23,37,53,57,69,88,97,103],"installation":[24],"80's":[27],"may":[28],"greater":[30],"than":[31],"this":[33],"decade.":[34],"In":[35],"support":[36],"rapid":[39],"microcomputer":[40,91],"usage":[41],"growth":[42],"we":[43],"should":[44],"expect":[45],"increased":[46],"emphasis":[47],"on":[48],"systematic":[49],"approaches":[50],"to":[51,90,113],"standardization":[52],"which":[54],"level":[56,68],"integration":[58,70],"concepts":[59],"framework.":[63],"We":[64,83],"structure":[71],"is":[72,108],"a":[73,95,104],"normal":[74],"approach":[75],"for":[76,99],"many":[77],"human":[78],"activities":[79],"including":[80],"computer":[81],"design.":[82],"then":[84,111],"discuss":[85],"level-of-integration":[87],"interest":[89],"system":[92],"designers.":[93],"Next":[94],"set":[96],"criteria":[98],"evaluation":[100],"quality":[102],"particular":[105],"multilevel":[106],"architecture":[107],"reviewed":[109],"used":[112],"examine":[114],"PDP-11":[116],"system.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}