{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165645720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753367","title":"Quasi-qwerty soft keyboard optimization","display_name":"Quasi-qwerty soft keyboard optimization","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165645720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753367","mag":"2165645720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1753326.1753367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016901770","display_name":"Xiaojun Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9716-7709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103637426","display_name":"Barton A. Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barton A. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005293560","display_name":"Shumin Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0752-2090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shumin Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3574,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97494366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"283","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6897880434989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3237875699996948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6897880434989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3237875699996948}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1753326.1753367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1793087945","https://openalex.org/W2019799483","https://openalex.org/W2045522158","https://openalex.org/W2052570369","https://openalex.org/W2125904902","https://openalex.org/W2134512786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"well":[3],"understood":[4],"that":[5,47,58,77,116],"optimized":[6,39,64,147],"soft":[7,40,163],"keyboard":[8,164],"layouts":[9,50],"improve":[10],"motor":[11],"movement":[12,111],"efficiency":[13],"over":[14],"the":[15,21,34,48,63,68,162],"standard":[16],"Qwerty":[17,94,127,143],"layouts,":[18],"but":[19,65,71],"have":[20],"drawback":[22],"of":[23,104,142,161],"long":[24],"initial":[25,35],"visual":[26,134],"search":[27,135],"time":[28,37,136],"for":[29],"novice":[30,132],"users.":[31],"To":[32],"ease":[33],"searching":[36],"on":[38,93],"keyboards,":[41],"we":[42],"explored":[43],"\"Quasi-Qwerty":[44],"optimization\"":[45],"so":[46],"resulting":[49],"are":[51],"close":[52],"to":[53,81,118,137],"Qwerty.":[54],"Our":[55],"results":[56,150],"show":[57,76],"a":[59,123,138,145,157],"middle":[60],"ground":[61],"between":[62,140],"new,":[66],"and":[67,144],"familiar":[69],"(Qwerty)":[70],"inefficient":[72],"does":[73],"exist.":[74],"We":[75],"by":[78],"allowing":[79],"letters":[80],"move":[82],"at":[83],"most":[84],"one":[85,99],"step":[86],"(key)":[87],"away":[88],"from":[89],"their":[90],"original":[91],"positions":[92],"in":[95,110,151],"an":[96],"optimization":[97,107,128],"process,":[98],"can":[100],"achieve":[101],"about":[102],"half":[103],"what":[105],"free":[106],"could":[108,129],"gain":[109],"efficiency.":[112],"An":[113],"experiment":[114],"shows":[115],"due":[117],"users'":[119],"familiarity":[120],"with":[121,125,156],"Qwerty,":[122],"layout":[124],"quasi":[126],"significantly":[130],"reduce":[131],"user's":[133],"level":[139],"those":[141],"freely":[146],"layout.":[148],"The":[149],"this":[152],"work":[153],"provide":[154],"designers":[155],"new":[158],"quantitative":[159],"understanding":[160],"design":[165],"space.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}