{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055923388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1667146.1667189","title":"CUDA renderer","display_name":"CUDA renderer","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055923388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1667146.1667189","mag":"2055923388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1667146.1667189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1667146.1667189","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 Sketches","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453054","display_name":"Fang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3383-2191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102046731","display_name":"Mengcheng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-9743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng-Cheng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115603172","display_name":"Xuehui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5657-516X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue-Hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013119881","display_name":"Enhua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2174-1428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"En-Hua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau","[University of Macau]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Macau]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100453054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09718796,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shader","display_name":"Shader","score":0.9585145115852356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-pipeline","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","score":0.853481113910675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8313882946968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.7558469772338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6086183786392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.6008090376853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.5654515027999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5496543049812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-hardware","display_name":"Graphics hardware","score":0.5387009978294373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.506435751914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4372595250606537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.24186253547668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12689214944839478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177681979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633182","display_name":"Shader","level":3,"score":0.9585145115852356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173552908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366289","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","level":4,"score":0.853481113910675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8313882946968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.7558469772338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6086183786392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.6008090376853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.5654515027999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5496543049812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18945957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597193","display_name":"Graphics hardware","level":3,"score":0.5387009978294373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.506435751914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4372595250606537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.24186253547668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12689214944839478}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1667146.1667189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1667146.1667189","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 Sketches","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G227481601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2009CB320802","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321540","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G405875024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2008AA01Z301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321540","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4193056135","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"60573155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321540","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042563718","https://openalex.org/W2063626852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W833983830","https://openalex.org/W2368030994","https://openalex.org/W2058044347","https://openalex.org/W2147270340","https://openalex.org/W744497305","https://openalex.org/W2132794636","https://openalex.org/W2055923388","https://openalex.org/W81424162","https://openalex.org/W2077893750","https://openalex.org/W2133777113"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"GPUs":[1],"provide":[2],"gradually":[3],"increasing":[4],"programmability":[5],"on":[6,76,80,89,117,133],"vertex":[7],"shader,":[8],"geometry":[9],"shader":[10,13],"and":[11,68],"fragment":[12],"in":[14],"the":[15,36,45,48,52,61,66,90],"past":[16],"decade.":[17],"However,":[18],"many":[19,137],"classical":[20],"problems":[21,82,139],"such":[22],"as":[23],"order-independent":[24],"transparency":[25],"(OIT),":[26],"occlusion":[27],"culling":[28],"have":[29,124],"not":[30],"yet":[31],"been":[32],"efficiently":[33],"solved":[34],"using":[35,105],"traditional":[37,129],"graphics":[38,103,119,130],"pipeline.":[39],"The":[40],"main":[41],"reason":[42],"is":[43,54],"that":[44],"behavior":[46],"of":[47,51],"current":[49,118],"stage":[50,70],"pipeline":[53,104,131],"hard":[55],"to":[56,60,128],"be":[57],"determined":[58],"due":[59],"unpredictable":[62],"future":[63],"data.":[64],"Since":[65],"rasterization":[67],"blending":[69],"are":[71],"still":[72],"largely":[73],"fixed":[74],"functions":[75],"chip,":[77],"previous":[78],"improvements":[79],"these":[81],"always":[83],"require":[84],"hardware":[85],"modifications":[86],"thus":[87],"remain":[88],"theoretical":[91],"level.":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94,144],"paper":[95],"we":[96],"propose":[97],"CUDA":[98],"Renderer,":[99],"a":[100],"fully":[101],"programmable":[102],"compute":[106],"unified":[107],"device":[108],"architecture":[109],"(CUDA)":[110],"[NVIDIA":[111],"2008]":[112],"which":[113],"can":[114,140],"completely":[115],"run":[116],"hardware.":[120],"Our":[121],"experimental":[122],"results":[123],"demonstrated":[125],"significant":[126],"speedup":[127],"especially":[132],"OIT.":[134],"We":[135],"believe":[136],"other":[138],"also":[141],"benefit":[142],"from":[143],"flexible":[145],"architecture.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}