{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161248689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653853","title":"Prediction and simulation in categorical fields","display_name":"Prediction and simulation in categorical fields","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161248689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653853","mag":"2161248689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1653771.1653853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653853","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083950779","display_name":"Guofeng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guofeng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034901180","display_name":"Phaedon Kyriakidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-8567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phaedon Kyriakidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017931685","display_name":"Michael Goodchild","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Goodchild","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083950779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8132,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76771606,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"496","last_page":"499"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11911","display_name":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.8426774144172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6264257431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.6109989881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5866405367851257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5345344543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.5274375081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5159545540809631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.48568400740623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.44854044914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.4175286889076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-field","display_name":"Random field","score":0.41257986426353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37759536504745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3649939298629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.34127649664878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.307433158159256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3071848750114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.15737774968147278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.8426774144172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6264257431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.6109989881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5866405367851257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5345344543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5274375081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5159545540809631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48568400740623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.44854044914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.4175286889076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130402806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768","display_name":"Random field","level":2,"score":0.41257986426353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37759536504745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3649939298629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.34127649664878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.307433158159256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3071848750114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.15737774968147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1653771.1653853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653853","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ktisis.cut.ac.cy:20.500.14279/14407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/14407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400897","display_name":"Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","host_organization_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20475988","https://openalex.org/W281225068","https://openalex.org/W1537810918","https://openalex.org/W2017507151","https://openalex.org/W2038240780","https://openalex.org/W2040258702","https://openalex.org/W2070736557","https://openalex.org/W2074269922","https://openalex.org/W2086651486","https://openalex.org/W2114220616","https://openalex.org/W2117741117","https://openalex.org/W2154231986","https://openalex.org/W2315700685","https://openalex.org/W2338448997","https://openalex.org/W2891163915","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356597680","https://openalex.org/W1968523686","https://openalex.org/W2093471820","https://openalex.org/W50079190","https://openalex.org/W2114846443","https://openalex.org/W2293372754","https://openalex.org/W2949623712","https://openalex.org/W4301970141","https://openalex.org/W2001600790","https://openalex.org/W1901925154"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,41],"investigation":[1],"of":[2,28,44,50,76,113,131,144,156],"spatial":[3,8,34,38,127],"patterns":[4],"implied":[5],"in":[6,25,60,82],"categorical":[7,45],"data,":[9,22],"such":[10,32,54],"as":[11,33,55,150],"land":[12,15],"use":[13],"and":[14,19,37,154,163],"cover":[16],"(LULC)":[17],"classes":[18],"socio-economic":[20],"statistics":[21],"is":[23],"involved":[24],"many":[26],"aspects":[27],"geographical":[29],"information":[30],"science,":[31],"uncertainty":[35],"modeling":[36,72],"data":[39,89],"mining.":[40],"discrete":[42],"nature":[43],"fields":[46],"limits":[47],"the":[48,73,99,102,142,152],"application":[49],"traditional":[51],"analytical":[52],"methods,":[53],"kriging-type":[56],"algorithms,":[57],"widely":[58],"used":[59],"Gaussian":[61,148],"random":[62],"fields.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"presents":[66],"a":[67,92,145],"new":[68,158],"probabilistic":[69],"method":[70],"for":[71,126],"posterior":[74,105],"probabilities":[75,107,117],"class":[77,86],"occurrence":[78],"at":[79,88],"any":[80],"location":[81],"space":[83],"given":[84],"known":[85],"labels":[87],"locations":[90],"within":[91],"neighborhood":[93],"around":[94],"that":[95,129],"prediction":[96],"location.":[97],"In":[98],"proposed":[100,159],"method,":[101],"conditional":[103],"or":[104,122],"(multi-point)":[106],"are":[108,161],"approximated":[109],"by":[110],"weighted":[111],"combinations":[112],"pre-posterior":[114],"(two-point)":[115],"transition":[116],"(rather":[118],"than":[119],"indicator":[120,138],"covariances":[121],"vari-ograms)":[123],"while":[124],"accounting":[125],"interdependencies":[128],"most":[130],"current":[132],"approaches":[133],"often":[134],"ignore.":[135],"Using":[136],"sequential":[137],"simulation":[139],"based":[140],"on":[141],"properties":[143],"truncated":[146],"multi-variate":[147],"field":[149],"reference,":[151],"advantages":[153],"disadvantages":[155],"this":[157],"approach":[160],"analyzed":[162],"highlighted.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}