{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081307968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653662.1653733","title":"Scalable onion routing with torsk","display_name":"Scalable onion routing with torsk","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081307968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653662.1653733","mag":"2081307968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1653662.1653733","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653662.1653733","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062639512","display_name":"Jon McLachlan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon McLachlan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA",", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065165983","display_name":"Andrew Tran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051550317","display_name":"Nicholas Hopper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-9587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Hopper","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA",", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073822030","display_name":"Yongdae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-1262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongdae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA",", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"590","last_page":"599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7437407970428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.712731122970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.583331286907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5089819431304932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1520722210407257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7437407970428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.712731122970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.583331286907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5089819431304932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1520722210407257}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1653662.1653733","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1653662.1653733","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.147.9412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.147.9412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/torsk-ccs.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126203942","https://openalex.org/W167667719","https://openalex.org/W1505755285","https://openalex.org/W1566442050","https://openalex.org/W1590015132","https://openalex.org/W1593238257","https://openalex.org/W1848243523","https://openalex.org/W1895106698","https://openalex.org/W1970067670","https://openalex.org/W1978884755","https://openalex.org/W1997096104","https://openalex.org/W1997601204","https://openalex.org/W1998076608","https://openalex.org/W2002421583","https://openalex.org/W2014682428","https://openalex.org/W2021145763","https://openalex.org/W2026709222","https://openalex.org/W2029770675","https://openalex.org/W2078813897","https://openalex.org/W2103647628","https://openalex.org/W2104210894","https://openalex.org/W2109990137","https://openalex.org/W2119245106","https://openalex.org/W2122281733","https://openalex.org/W2128409623","https://openalex.org/W2137539283","https://openalex.org/W2148299085","https://openalex.org/W2148573461","https://openalex.org/W2158049821","https://openalex.org/W2163059190","https://openalex.org/W2163674653","https://openalex.org/W2167898414","https://openalex.org/W2171957559","https://openalex.org/W2176855125","https://openalex.org/W2189383068","https://openalex.org/W2257772496","https://openalex.org/W4231886258","https://openalex.org/W4236944670","https://openalex.org/W4387723197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364921833","https://openalex.org/W2302028273","https://openalex.org/W1525643724","https://openalex.org/W2067938758","https://openalex.org/W2382623646","https://openalex.org/W3087771547","https://openalex.org/W2333420780","https://openalex.org/W2375199418","https://openalex.org/W2130966263","https://openalex.org/W2368437561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,126],"introduce":[1],"Torsk,":[2,142,154],"a":[3,68,104,149],"structured":[4],"peer-to-peer":[5],"low-latency":[6],"anonymity":[7,27,50,89,136],"protocol.":[8],"Torsk":[9,70,91,102],"is":[10],"designed":[11],"as":[12],"an":[13],"interoperable":[14],"replacement":[15],"for":[16,87,100],"the":[17,24,31,49,82,120],"relay":[18,35,98],"selection":[19,36],"and":[20,37,54,76,122,143,158,161],"directory":[21],"service":[22],"of":[23,34,106,124,153],"popular":[25],"Tor":[26],"network,":[28],"that":[29,130],"decreases":[30],"bandwidth":[32,65],"cost":[33],"maintenance":[38],"from":[39],"quadratic":[40],"to":[41,58,74,80,97,116,141],"quasilinear":[42],"while":[43],"introducing":[44],"no":[45,55],"new":[46],"attacks":[47,118,133],"on":[48,119,134,145],"provided":[51],"by":[52,128],"Tor,":[53],"additional":[56],"delay":[57],"connections":[59],"made":[60],"via":[61],"Tor.":[62],"The":[63],"resulting":[64],"savings":[66],"make":[67],"modest-sized":[69],"network":[71],"significantly":[72],"cheaper":[73],"operate,":[75],"allows":[77],"low-bandwidth":[78],"clients":[79],"join":[81],"network.":[83],"Unlike":[84],"previous":[85],"proposals":[86],"P2P":[88,108,135],"schemes,":[90],"does":[92],"not":[93,139],"require":[94],"all":[95],"users":[96],"traffic":[99],"others.":[101],"utilizes":[103],"combination":[105],"two":[107],"lookup":[109],"mechanisms":[110],"with":[111,148],"complementary":[112],"strengths":[113],"in":[114],"order":[115],"avoid":[117],"confidentiality":[121],"integrity":[123],"lookups.":[125],"show":[127],"analysis":[129],"previously":[131],"known":[132],"schemes":[137],"do":[138],"apply":[140],"report":[144],"experiments":[146],"conducted":[147],"336-node":[150],"wide-area":[151],"deployment":[152],"demonstrating":[155],"its":[156],"efficiency":[157],"feasibility.":[159],"Categories":[160],"Subject":[162],"Descriptors":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":23}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}