{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156501428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1647314.1647321","title":"Static vs. dynamic modeling of human nonverbal behavior from multiple cues and modalities","display_name":"Static vs. dynamic modeling of human nonverbal behavior from multiple cues and modalities","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156501428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1647314.1647321","mag":"2156501428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1647314.1647321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1647314.1647321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2009 international conference on Multimodal interfaces","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009475700","display_name":"Stavros Petridis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7478-9479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stavros Petridis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060090893","display_name":"Hatice G\u00fcne\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2407-3012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatice Gunes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044164299","display_name":"Sebastian Kaltwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5780-1499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119349","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01t1kq612","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119349"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Kaltwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119349"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016033078","display_name":"Maja Panti\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-5986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maja Pantic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009475700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95363483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9692999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7373027801513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7338564395904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.6574207544326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-communication","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","score":0.6054678559303284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5774022936820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5563819408416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5557905435562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.5185904502868652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4645618498325348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.46189606189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.4257075786590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.42564627528190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1621812880039215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.1475122570991516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7373027801513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7338564395904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.6574207544326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.6054678559303284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5774022936820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5563819408416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5557905435562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.5185904502868652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4645618498325348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.46189606189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.4257075786590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.42564627528190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1621812880039215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.1475122570991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1647314.1647321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1647314.1647321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2009 international conference on Multimodal interfaces","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/0ccbaa35-f17b-4a1a-b504-fb0adb131267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/0ccbaa35-f17b-4a1a-b504-fb0adb131267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Petridis, S, Gunes, H, Kaltwang, S & Pantic, M 2009, Static vs. Dynamic Modeling of Human Nonverbal Behavior from Multiple Cues and Modalities. in Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI\u201909)., 10.1145/1647314.1647321, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, pp. 23-30, 11th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces, ICMI 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 2/11/09. https://doi.org/10.1145/1647314.1647321","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.158.6117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.158.6117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~maja/ICMI-2009-PetridisEtAl-CAMERA.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/0ccbaa35-f17b-4a1a-b504-fb0adb131267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.eemcs.utwente.nl/secure2/17130/01/Pantic_Static_vs_Dynamic_Modelling.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W619582718","https://openalex.org/W1569447338","https://openalex.org/W1591747970","https://openalex.org/W1594352493","https://openalex.org/W1969761120","https://openalex.org/W2096391593","https://openalex.org/W2105410756","https://openalex.org/W2110575115","https://openalex.org/W2110673279","https://openalex.org/W2120442172","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2131189471","https://openalex.org/W2131598171","https://openalex.org/W2132680170","https://openalex.org/W2133028763","https://openalex.org/W2135195345","https://openalex.org/W2154716422","https://openalex.org/W2155799207","https://openalex.org/W2155986100","https://openalex.org/W2156503193","https://openalex.org/W2159856586","https://openalex.org/W2161634108","https://openalex.org/W2163026698","https://openalex.org/W2163685610","https://openalex.org/W2163802190","https://openalex.org/W2170960656","https://openalex.org/W2979006918","https://openalex.org/W3216401400","https://openalex.org/W6635352761","https://openalex.org/W6768650569","https://openalex.org/W6769316794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2537762514","https://openalex.org/W2349788282","https://openalex.org/W577271088","https://openalex.org/W2120801881","https://openalex.org/W1982853263","https://openalex.org/W2782095833","https://openalex.org/W4206297952","https://openalex.org/W4396748111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"nonverbal":[1,83],"behavior":[2,84],"recognition":[3],"from":[4,93,150],"multiple":[5,151],"cues":[6,42,152],"and":[7,39,47,66,90,97,100,105,109,117,128,130,144,153,179,194,197,202],"modalities":[8,44,154],"has":[9],"attracted":[10],"a":[11,172],"lot":[12],"of":[13,27,31,41,51,80,161,166],"interest":[14],"in":[15,77],"recent":[16],"years.":[17],"Despite":[18],"the":[19,25,37,48,78,158,164,176],"interest,":[20],"many":[21],"research":[22,56],"questions,":[23],"including":[24],"type":[26,40,165],"feature":[28,64,167],"representation,":[29],"choice":[30],"static":[32,68,143,181],"vs.":[33,69],"dynamic":[34,70,145,186],"classification":[35,71,177,182,187],"schemes,":[36],"number":[38],"or":[43],"to":[45,115,157,170,185],"use,":[46],"optimal":[49],"way":[50],"fusing":[52,147],"these,":[53],"remain":[54],"open":[55],"questions.":[57],"This":[58],"paper":[59],"compares":[60],"frame-based":[61],"vs":[62],"window-based":[63],"representation":[65,168],"employs":[67],"schemes":[72],"for":[73,142,189],"two":[74],"distinct":[75],"problems":[76],"field":[79],"automatic":[81],"human":[82],"analysis:":[85],"multicue":[86,116,190],"discrimination":[87,102,191,199],"between":[88,103,192,200],"posed":[89,193],"spontaneous":[91,195],"smiles":[92],"facial":[94],"expressions,":[95],"head":[96],"shoulder":[98],"movements,":[99],"audio-visual":[101,198],"laughter":[104,201],"speech.":[106,203],"Single":[107],"cue":[108],"single":[110],"modality":[111],"results":[112,119],"are":[113],"compared":[114],"multimodal":[118],"by":[120],"employing":[121],"Neural":[122],"Networks,":[123],"Hidden":[124],"Markov":[125],"Models":[126],"(HMMs),":[127],"2-":[129],"3-chain":[131],"coupled":[132],"HMMs.":[133],"Subject":[134],"independent":[135],"experimental":[136],"evaluation":[137],"shows":[138],"that:":[139],"1)":[140],"both":[141,188],"classification,":[146],"data":[148],"coming":[149],"proves":[155],"useful":[156],"overall":[159],"task":[160],"recognition,":[162],"2)":[163],"appears":[169],"have":[171],"direct":[173],"impact":[174],"on":[175],"performance,":[178],"3)":[180],"is":[183],"comparable":[184],"smiles,":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}