{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041184937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1645953.1646195","title":"LoOP","display_name":"LoOP","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041184937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1645953.1646195","mag":"2041184937"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1645953.1646195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1645953.1646195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109848174","display_name":"Hans\u2010Peter Kriegel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Peter Kriegel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074196124","display_name":"Peer Kr\u00f6ger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5646-3299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peer Kr\u00f6ger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068514720","display_name":"Erich Schubert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9143-4880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erich Schubert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047196019","display_name":"Arthur Zimek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-4208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Zimek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109848174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0102,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":485,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97815236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1649","last_page":"1652"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48952779173851013}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48952779173851013}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1645953.1646195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1645953.1646195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530232915","https://openalex.org/W1554944210","https://openalex.org/W1986332411","https://openalex.org/W2018944800","https://openalex.org/W2110784166","https://openalex.org/W2117839996","https://openalex.org/W2129281431","https://openalex.org/W2144182447","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4253461361","https://openalex.org/W4254182148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"outlier":[1,20,25,51,88,93],"detection":[2,52,89],"methods":[3],"do":[4],"not":[5,17,46,73],"merely":[6],"provide":[7],"the":[8,33,50,67,74,96],"decision":[9],"for":[10,43,66,112],"a":[11,84,106,109],"single":[12],"data":[13,35,75,110],"object":[14,36,76,111],"being":[15,18,113],"or":[16,27,72],"an":[19,24,38,79,92,114],"but":[21],"give":[22],"also":[23],"score":[26,69],"\"outlier":[28],"factor\"":[29],"signaling":[30],"\"how":[31],"much\"":[32],"respective":[34],"is":[37,56,78,102],"outlier.":[39,80,115],"A":[40],"major":[41],"problem":[42],"any":[44],"user":[45],"very":[47],"acquainted":[48],"with":[49],"method":[53,90],"in":[54,62,95],"question":[55],"how":[57],"to":[58,64],"interpret":[59],"this":[60],"\"factor\"":[61],"order":[63],"decide":[65],"numeric":[68],"again":[70],"whether":[71],"indeed":[77],"Here,":[81],"we":[82],"formulate":[83],"local":[85],"density":[86],"based":[87],"providing":[91],"\"score\"":[94],"range":[97],"of":[98,108],"[0,":[99],"1]":[100],"that":[101],"directly":[103],"interpretable":[104],"as":[105],"probability":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
