{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006769749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1639642.1639654","title":"TextSL","display_name":"TextSL","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006769749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1639642.1639654","mag":"2006769749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1639642.1639654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1639642.1639654","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065186417","display_name":"Eelke Folmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-955X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eelke Folmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101719164","display_name":"Bei Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4050-9605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006261235","display_name":"Dave Carr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Carr","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082620512","display_name":"Manjari Sapre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manjari Sapre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065186417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9356459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"59","last_page":"66"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaverse","display_name":"Metaverse","score":0.8450073599815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7787938117980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6719468832015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-world","display_name":"Virtual world","score":0.6663222908973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5539966225624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5477960109710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.507096529006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.5011484622955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.49368080496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.44221797585487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13591831922531128}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53332860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632041","display_name":"Metaverse","level":3,"score":0.8450073599815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7787938117980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6719468832015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019565508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q444835","display_name":"Virtual world","level":2,"score":0.6663222908973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5539966225624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5477960109710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.507096529006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5011484622955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.49368080496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.44221797585487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13591831922531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1639642.1639654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1639642.1639654","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32973341","https://openalex.org/W1508337988","https://openalex.org/W1569888448","https://openalex.org/W1605474673","https://openalex.org/W1971108290","https://openalex.org/W1973244543","https://openalex.org/W1974103474","https://openalex.org/W2007691767","https://openalex.org/W2046813762","https://openalex.org/W2116157705","https://openalex.org/W2132781446","https://openalex.org/W2134634502","https://openalex.org/W2140619385","https://openalex.org/W2141477489","https://openalex.org/W2342091124","https://openalex.org/W2538147675","https://openalex.org/W4249664725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2480611640","https://openalex.org/W1550339201","https://openalex.org/W4387818125","https://openalex.org/W1510992766","https://openalex.org/W2005146338","https://openalex.org/W1483275303","https://openalex.org/W1968507758","https://openalex.org/W263048903","https://openalex.org/W4255429533","https://openalex.org/W4382050775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"immersive":[1],"graphics,":[2],"large":[3,85],"amount":[4],"of":[5,81,87,93,166],"user-generated":[6],"content,":[7],"and":[8,28,89,127,138],"social":[9],"interaction":[10,140],"opportunities":[11],"offered":[12],"by":[13],"popular":[14],"virtual":[15,34,95,110,183],"worlds,":[16],"such":[17,94],"as":[18,113,131,133,153],"Second":[19,57,121,156,170],"Life,":[20,122],"could":[21],"eventually":[22],"make":[23],"for":[24,56,77],"a":[25,54,64,72,79,101,105,173,178],"more":[26],"interactive":[27],"informative":[29],"World":[30],"Wide":[31],"Web.":[32],"Unfortunately,":[33],"worlds":[35,111,184],"are":[36,43,189],"currently":[37],"not":[38],"accessible":[39,185],"to":[40,119,186],"users":[41,118,187],"who":[42,188],"visually":[44,190],"impaired.":[45,191],"This":[46],"paper":[47],"presents":[48],"the":[49,150,155,167],"work":[50],"on":[51,84],"developing":[52],"TextSL,":[53],"client":[55],"life":[58],"that":[59,100,162],"can":[60,146],"be":[61,147],"accessed":[62],"with":[63,69,124,129,149],"screen":[65,116],"reader.":[66],"Users":[67],"interact":[68,128],"TextSL":[70],"using":[71],"command-based":[73,102],"interface,":[74],"which":[75,176],"allows":[76,115],"performing":[78],"plethora":[80],"different":[82],"actions":[83],"numbers":[86],"objects":[88,130,168],"avatars;":[90],"characterizing":[91],"features":[92],"worlds.":[96],"User":[97],"studies":[98],"confirm":[99],"interface":[103],"is":[104,141,177],"feasible":[106],"approach":[107],"towards":[108,181],"making":[109,182],"accessible,":[112],"it":[114],"reader":[117],"explore":[120],"communicate":[123],"other":[125],"avatars,":[126],"well":[132],"sighted":[134],"users.":[135],"Command-based":[136],"exploration":[137],"object":[139],"significantly":[142],"slower,":[143],"but":[144],"communication":[145],"performed":[148],"same":[151],"efficiency":[152],"in":[154,169],"Life":[157,171],"viewer.":[158],"We":[159],"further":[160],"identify":[161],"at":[163],"least":[164],"31%":[165],"lack":[172],"descriptive":[174],"name,":[175],"significant":[179],"barrier":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
