{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4230031335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1621995.1622022","title":"The macro-structure of use of help","display_name":"The macro-structure of use of help","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4230031335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1621995.1622022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1621995.1622022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1621995.1622022","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1017&context=cs_papers","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002516693","display_name":"Oscar D. Andrade","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oscar D. Andrade","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023860633","display_name":"Nathaniel H. Bean","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel Bean","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018981196","display_name":"David Novick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4821-3056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David G. Novick","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002516693"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9472,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86013593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"143","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7738982439041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.7349481582641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5567448735237122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","score":0.47916069626808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.462323933839798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33233559131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07180836796760559}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7738982439041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.7349481582641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5567448735237122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.47916069626808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.462323933839798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33233559131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07180836796760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1621995.1622022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1621995.1622022","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.utep.edu:cs_papers-1017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cs_papers/285","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1017&context=cs_papers","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196403","display_name":"scholarworks - UTEP (The University of Texas at El Paso)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","host_organization_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Departmental Papers (CS)","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.utep.edu:cs_papers-1017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.utep.edu/cs_papers/285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196403","display_name":"scholarworks - UTEP (The University of Texas at El Paso)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","host_organization_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Departmental Papers (CS)","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.utep.edu:cs_papers-1017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cs_papers/285","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1017&context=cs_papers","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196403","display_name":"scholarworks - UTEP (The University of Texas at El Paso)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","host_organization_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Departmental Papers (CS)","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333121","display_name":"University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4230031335.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4230031335.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599695870","https://openalex.org/W1974749023","https://openalex.org/W1983434687","https://openalex.org/W2007211928","https://openalex.org/W2015564561","https://openalex.org/W2026566771","https://openalex.org/W2064313864","https://openalex.org/W2079338956","https://openalex.org/W2092207592","https://openalex.org/W2104585968","https://openalex.org/W2107621192","https://openalex.org/W2119222022","https://openalex.org/W2130416960","https://openalex.org/W2143190293","https://openalex.org/W2155005209","https://openalex.org/W2294857847","https://openalex.org/W4230088757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030816003","https://openalex.org/W2076325756","https://openalex.org/W81423522","https://openalex.org/W1509860481","https://openalex.org/W2150013480","https://openalex.org/W1989362889","https://openalex.org/W4386206750","https://openalex.org/W1605713622","https://openalex.org/W1967474012","https://openalex.org/W2402203479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Users":[0],"of":[1,34,52,79],"help":[2,17,64,86,98],"systems":[3,87],"often":[4],"complain":[5],"that":[6,58],"they":[7,14,21],"do":[8],"not":[9],"find":[10],"them":[11],"useful;":[12],"while":[13],"still":[15],"use":[16],"at":[18],"least":[19],"occasionally,":[20],"resort":[22],"to":[23,40,74,92,102],"other":[24],"problem-solving":[25,46,71],"strategies.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"analyze":[31],"audiovisual":[32],"recordings":[33],"people":[35,59],"using":[36],"a":[37],"computer":[38],"application,":[39],"identify":[41],"(1)":[42],"transition":[43],"patterns":[44],"among":[45],"approaches,":[47],"and":[48,65,84,99],"(2)":[49],"the":[50,67],"frequency":[51],"these":[53],"transitions.":[54],"Our":[55],"analysis":[56],"indicates":[57],"switch":[60,96],"frequently":[61],"between":[62,70,97],"consulting":[63],"exploring":[66],"interface.":[68],"Switching":[69],"approaches":[72,101],"appears":[73],"be":[75,89],"an":[76],"effective":[77],"way":[78],"succeeding":[80],"in":[81],"tasks.":[82],"Applications":[83],"their":[85],"can":[88],"better":[90],"designed":[91],"support":[93],"users":[94],"who":[95],"non-help":[100],"solving":[103],"problems.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
