{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117466280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1618452.1618505","title":"BiDi screen","display_name":"BiDi screen","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117466280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1618452.1618505","mag":"2117466280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1618452.1618505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1618452.1618505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051579877","display_name":"Matthew Hirsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab","MIT Media Lab.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074342790","display_name":"Douglas Lanman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-5652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175594653","display_name":"John Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ct41q97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Lanman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056811467","display_name":"Henry Holtzman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Holtzman","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab","MIT Media Lab.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023495279","display_name":"Ramesh Raskar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-3224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Raskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab","MIT Media Lab.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.8241,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99700252,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-crystal-display","display_name":"Liquid-crystal display","score":0.7829800844192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backlight","display_name":"Backlight","score":0.7609589099884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6735077500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6034590601921082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6027100682258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.521605372428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffuser","display_name":"Diffuser (optics)","score":0.4715076982975006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereo-display","display_name":"Stereo display","score":0.458079993724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-field","display_name":"Light field","score":0.4306415915489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.41944706439971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2762513756752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-source","display_name":"Light source","score":0.14500275254249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13621479272842407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128019096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83341","display_name":"Liquid-crystal display","level":2,"score":0.7829800844192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171107226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574291","display_name":"Backlight","level":3,"score":0.7609589099884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6735077500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6034590601921082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6027100682258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.521605372428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780565730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275430","display_name":"Diffuser (optics)","level":3,"score":0.4715076982975006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1223959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191960","display_name":"Stereo display","level":2,"score":0.458079993724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48983235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593161","display_name":"Light field","level":2,"score":0.4306415915489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.41944706439971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2762513756752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9128","display_name":"Light source","level":2,"score":0.14500275254249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13621479272842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1618452.1618505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1618452.1618505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2453971161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-0729126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","funder_display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","ror":"https://ror.org/01mng8331"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153034902","https://openalex.org/W1011393654","https://openalex.org/W1832935228","https://openalex.org/W1849421854","https://openalex.org/W1967451823","https://openalex.org/W1973042181","https://openalex.org/W1980720228","https://openalex.org/W1980850943","https://openalex.org/W2000129914","https://openalex.org/W2005198142","https://openalex.org/W2008150314","https://openalex.org/W2012354198","https://openalex.org/W2028778909","https://openalex.org/W2040658442","https://openalex.org/W2044109592","https://openalex.org/W2047681759","https://openalex.org/W2063366997","https://openalex.org/W2098232352","https://openalex.org/W2101737112","https://openalex.org/W2109406977","https://openalex.org/W2109477710","https://openalex.org/W2112974019","https://openalex.org/W2126911272","https://openalex.org/W2132891903","https://openalex.org/W2133515844","https://openalex.org/W2136733503","https://openalex.org/W2140982079","https://openalex.org/W2142224241","https://openalex.org/W2151998601","https://openalex.org/W2154571593","https://openalex.org/W2155461104","https://openalex.org/W2155617382","https://openalex.org/W2158707444","https://openalex.org/W2162162078","https://openalex.org/W2166695765","https://openalex.org/W2166774562","https://openalex.org/W2167023109","https://openalex.org/W2170356055","https://openalex.org/W3045294009","https://openalex.org/W4230548574","https://openalex.org/W4234142664","https://openalex.org/W4239240782","https://openalex.org/W4242861904","https://openalex.org/W4247043502","https://openalex.org/W6770915541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016342054","https://openalex.org/W2749641978","https://openalex.org/W2774871941","https://openalex.org/W2731958863","https://openalex.org/W2931003197","https://openalex.org/W2910306017","https://openalex.org/W2523704292","https://openalex.org/W2376645306","https://openalex.org/W2972035827","https://openalex.org/W2117466280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,65,173],"transform":[1],"an":[2,92,121],"LCD":[3,86,113],"into":[4],"a":[5,68,75,88,115,130,157,164,175,184,197],"display":[6,63,69,135],"that":[7,32,127,178],"supports":[8],"both":[9,22],"2D":[10],"multi-touch":[11],"and":[12,25,74,84,112,163,186],"unencumbered":[13],"3D":[14],"gestures.":[15],"Our":[16,43],"BiDirectional":[17],"(BiDi)":[18],"screen,":[19],"capable":[20],"of":[21,41,54,123,149,196],"image":[23,98,110,181],"capture":[24,76],"display,":[26],"is":[27,46,82,100,142],"inspired":[28],"by":[29,129],"emerging":[30],"LCDs":[31,55],"use":[33],"embedded":[34],"optical":[35],"sensors":[36],"to":[37,47,56,126,144,191],"detect":[38],"multiple":[39],"points":[40],"contact.":[42],"key":[44],"contribution":[45],"exploit":[48],"the":[49,80,85,104,109,134,147,180],"spatial":[50],"light":[51,117],"modulation":[52],"capability":[53],"allow":[57],"lensless":[58],"imaging":[59],"without":[60],"interfering":[61],"with":[62,169,183],"functionality.":[64],"switch":[66],"between":[67],"mode":[70,77,166],"showing":[71],"traditional":[72],"graphics":[73],"in":[78,194],"which":[79],"backlight":[81],"disabled":[83],"displays":[87],"pinhole":[89],"array":[90,122,132],"or":[91],"equivalent":[93,125],"tiled-broadband":[94],"code.":[95],"A":[96],"large-format":[97],"sensor":[99,111,182],"placed":[101],"slightly":[102],"behind":[103],"liquid":[105],"crystal":[106],"layer.":[107],"Together,":[108],"form":[114],"mask-based":[116],"field":[118],"camera,":[119],"capturing":[120],"images":[124],"produced":[128],"camera":[131,185],"spanning":[133],"surface.":[136],"The":[137],"recovered":[138],"multi-view":[139],"orthographic":[140],"imagery":[141],"used":[143],"passively":[145],"estimate":[146],"depth":[148],"scene":[150],"points.":[151],"Two":[152],"motivating":[153],"applications":[154],"are":[155],"described:":[156],"hybrid":[158],"touch":[159],"plus":[160],"gesture":[161],"interaction":[162,189],"light-gun":[165],"for":[167],"interacting":[168],"external":[170],"light-emitting":[171],"widgets.":[172],"show":[174],"working":[176],"prototype":[177],"simulates":[179],"diffuser,":[187],"allowing":[188],"up":[190],"50":[192],"cm":[193],"front":[195],"modified":[198],"20.1":[199],"inch":[200],"LCD.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":26}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
