{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978255134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1597735.1597749","title":"An entropy inspired measure for evaluating ontology modularization","display_name":"An entropy inspired measure for evaluating ontology modularization","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978255134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1597735.1597749","mag":"1978255134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1597735.1597749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1597735.1597749","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Knowledge capture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059033822","display_name":"Paul Doran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul S. Doran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060354953","display_name":"Valentina Tamma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1320-610X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valentina Tamma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024107224","display_name":"Terry R. Payne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0106-8731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terry R. Payne","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021964188","display_name":"Ignazio Palmisano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8227-191X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ignazio Palmisano","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90596259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"73","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-programming","display_name":"Modular programming","score":0.8368241786956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7370269298553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-based-data-integration","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","score":0.6413144469261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-ontology","display_name":"Process ontology","score":0.6172938942909241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.6000668406486511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-engineering","display_name":"Ontology engineering","score":0.49872303009033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-alignment","display_name":"Ontology alignment","score":0.4412344694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4381169378757477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suggested-upper-merged-ontology","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","score":0.4375012516975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.41459792852401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3901814818382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3799743056297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3665926456451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16987445950508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.16054782271385193}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88482812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453666","display_name":"Modular programming","level":2,"score":0.8368241786956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7370269298553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22550185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095047","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","level":3,"score":0.6413144469261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137003198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247296","display_name":"Process ontology","level":3,"score":0.6172938942909241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.6000668406486511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027508","display_name":"Ontology engineering","level":4,"score":0.49872303009033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98893333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339878","display_name":"Ontology alignment","level":4,"score":0.4412344694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4381169378757477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7635093","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","level":4,"score":0.4375012516975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.41459792852401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3901814818382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3799743056297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3665926456451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16987445950508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.16054782271385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1597735.1597749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1597735.1597749","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Knowledge capture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:267451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/267451/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4729482554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/D064287/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53707990","https://openalex.org/W1484429151","https://openalex.org/W1510142002","https://openalex.org/W1524471360","https://openalex.org/W1594656587","https://openalex.org/W1600475986","https://openalex.org/W1732024542","https://openalex.org/W1866502235","https://openalex.org/W1938484623","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2036614464","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2147729309","https://openalex.org/W2162438644","https://openalex.org/W2163272338","https://openalex.org/W2506997579","https://openalex.org/W3189465726"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028429940","https://openalex.org/W2015306306","https://openalex.org/W4251889114","https://openalex.org/W2363188691","https://openalex.org/W2765352056","https://openalex.org/W2464347310","https://openalex.org/W2732632690","https://openalex.org/W149627178","https://openalex.org/W2107335810","https://openalex.org/W4206428734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ontology":[0,122],"modularization":[1,52,88,105,146,185],"has":[2],"received":[3],"growing":[4],"interest":[5],"from":[6,39],"the":[7,26,59,64,69,73,83,87,97,101,126,137,145,156,161,165,172,177,192,201,206],"research":[8,27],"community":[9],"lately,":[10],"since":[11],"it":[12],"supports":[13],"tasks":[14],"such":[15,199],"as":[16,152,200],"ontology":[17,51,65,173],"design/reuse":[18],"and":[19,22,53,61,71,131,149,187,205],"knowledge":[20],"selection":[21],"integration.":[23],"Most":[24],"of":[25,50,94,100,103,129,144,155,158,171,197,203,208],"efforts":[28],"have":[29],"concentrated":[30],"on":[31,72,82],"approaches":[32,44,95],"to":[33,56,108,183],"extract":[34],"modules,":[35,130,198],"or":[36],"generate":[37],"partitions":[38],"an":[40,115],"ontology.":[41],"However":[42],"these":[43],"are":[45],"influenced":[46],"by":[47],"different":[48,104,184,195],"definitions":[49],"thus":[54],"tend":[55],"vary":[57],"w.r.t.":[58],"concepts":[60,163],"properties":[62],"in":[63,164],"that":[66,75,124],"should":[67,77],"define":[68],"module,":[70],"characteristics":[74,196],"modules":[76],"exhibit,":[78],"which":[79,86],"often":[80],"depend":[81],"task":[84],"for":[85,119,136],"process":[89],"is":[90,142,150,174],"performed.":[91],"This":[92,140],"diversity":[93],"makes":[96],"comparative":[98],"evaluation":[99],"output":[102],"processes":[106],"hard":[107],"perform.":[109],"In":[110,176],"this":[111,181],"paper,":[112],"we":[113,179,188],"propose":[114],"entropy":[116],"inspired":[117],"measure":[118,141,182,193],"modularization,":[120],"Integrated":[121],"Entropy,":[123],"approximates":[125],"information":[127],"content":[128],"hence":[132],"provides":[133],"a":[134,153,168],"profile":[135],"module":[138],"generated.":[139],"independent":[143],"technique":[147],"used,":[148],"calculated":[151],"function":[154],"number":[157],"edges":[159],"connecting":[160],"named":[162],"ontology,":[166],"when":[167],"graph":[169],"representation":[170],"utilized.":[175],"paper":[178],"apply":[180],"techniques":[186],"empirically":[189],"show":[190],"how":[191],"captures":[194],"degree":[202],"redundancy":[204],"level":[207],"connectedness.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
