{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115769478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1562877.1562949","title":"The effect of visualizing roles of variables on student performance in an introductory programming course","display_name":"The effect of visualizing roles of variables on student performance in an introductory programming course","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115769478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1562877.1562949","mag":"2115769478"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1562877.1562949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1562877.1562949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030798726","display_name":"Nouf Albarakati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-7953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111472","display_name":"King Abdul Aziz University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01vv03303","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111472"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nouf M. Al-Barakati","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109897822","display_name":"Arwa Yousuf Al-Aama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111472","display_name":"King Abdul Aziz University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01vv03303","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111472"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arwa Y. Al-Aama","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69475545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"228","last_page":"232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.8569068312644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.7436169981956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6367685794830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5088256001472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.46322277188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remotely-operated-underwater-vehicle","display_name":"Remotely operated underwater vehicle","score":0.45793911814689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3749375343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32703351974487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.29508650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24727514386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1761261224746704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.8569068312644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.7436169981956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6367685794830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5088256001472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.46322277188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145424490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618465","display_name":"Remotely operated underwater vehicle","level":4,"score":0.45793911814689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3749375343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32703351974487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.29508650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24727514386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1761261224746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1562877.1562949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1562877.1562949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607383127","https://openalex.org/W1971094374","https://openalex.org/W2036533373","https://openalex.org/W2040441451","https://openalex.org/W2081135008","https://openalex.org/W2092839599","https://openalex.org/W2096407990","https://openalex.org/W2100625161","https://openalex.org/W2137591954","https://openalex.org/W2150930945","https://openalex.org/W2151020372","https://openalex.org/W2163627822","https://openalex.org/W2164130197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321442002","https://openalex.org/W2015265939","https://openalex.org/W2284072287","https://openalex.org/W2611067230","https://openalex.org/W2480201319","https://openalex.org/W2387706296","https://openalex.org/W2155788121","https://openalex.org/W4235469518","https://openalex.org/W2294325978","https://openalex.org/W2890345561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,82],"use":[1],"of":[2,9,23,55],"variables":[3,32,39],"in":[4,16,79,99],"computer":[5],"programming":[6,19,64,132],"is":[7],"one":[8],"the":[10,53,80,93,118],"difficulties":[11],"faced":[12],"by":[13],"students":[14,68,83],"enrolled":[15],"introductory":[17],"level":[18],"classes.":[20],"Roles":[22],"Variables":[24],"(ROV)":[25],"concept":[26,95],"associates":[27],"small":[28],"comprehensible":[29],"roles":[30],"to":[31,33,51,97],"help":[34],"novice":[35],"programmers":[36],"comprehend":[37],"how":[38],"should":[40],"be":[41],"used.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"describes":[45],"an":[46],"experiment":[47],"that":[48,115],"was":[49],"conducted":[50],"test":[52],"effect":[54],"different":[56,107],"engagement":[57],"levels":[58],"with":[59],"ROV":[60,94,119],"visualization":[61,108,120],"on":[62,130],"student":[63,123,131],"skills.":[65],"91":[66],"Female":[67],"at":[69],"King":[70],"Abdul":[71],"Aziz":[72],"University":[73],"(KAU),":[74],"Jeddah,":[75],"Saudi":[76],"Arabia,":[77],"participated":[78],"experiment.":[81],"were":[84,105,134],"divided":[85],"into":[86],"three":[87],"groups":[88],"where":[89],"they":[90],"all":[91],"had":[92],"explained":[96],"them":[98],"a":[100],"traditional":[101],"classroom":[102],"setting,":[103],"but":[104],"given":[106],"treatments":[109],"during":[110],"lab":[111],"sessions.":[112],"Results":[113],"showed":[114],"while":[116],"viewing":[117],"significantly":[121],"improved":[122],"debugging":[124],"skills,":[125],"no":[126],"other":[127],"significant":[128],"effects":[129],"skills":[133],"reported.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}