{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099951182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1555754.1555763","title":"Dynamic MIPS rate stabilization in out-of-order processors","display_name":"Dynamic MIPS rate stabilization in out-of-order processors","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099951182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1555754.1555763","mag":"2099951182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1555754.1555763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1555754.1555763","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107561300","display_name":"Jinho Suh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinho Suh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","[University of Southern California Los, Angeles, CA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Southern California Los, Angeles, CA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102931397","display_name":"Michel Dubois","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8302-2330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Dubois","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","[University of Southern California Los, Angeles, CA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Southern California Los, Angeles, CA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107561300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6066,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84003406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"46","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.615767240524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5880653262138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34947723150253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09011882543563843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.615767240524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5880653262138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34947723150253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09011882543563843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1555754.1555763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1555754.1555763","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.452.9121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.452.9121","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ceng.usc.edu/assets/002/64811.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65153156","https://openalex.org/W73765150","https://openalex.org/W165848131","https://openalex.org/W1481180033","https://openalex.org/W1507842704","https://openalex.org/W1511989641","https://openalex.org/W1569618054","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1934130410","https://openalex.org/W1966770256","https://openalex.org/W1987805948","https://openalex.org/W1988152886","https://openalex.org/W2002377960","https://openalex.org/W2011024076","https://openalex.org/W2032094184","https://openalex.org/W2032927936","https://openalex.org/W2036592112","https://openalex.org/W2095792534","https://openalex.org/W2100404320","https://openalex.org/W2101017965","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2107216395","https://openalex.org/W2108583424","https://openalex.org/W2112601174","https://openalex.org/W2118811116","https://openalex.org/W2120909868","https://openalex.org/W2122915710","https://openalex.org/W2129763083","https://openalex.org/W2130549322","https://openalex.org/W2131308327","https://openalex.org/W2132269288","https://openalex.org/W2133339421","https://openalex.org/W2134727094","https://openalex.org/W2136244995","https://openalex.org/W2140135984","https://openalex.org/W2148708361","https://openalex.org/W2169065640","https://openalex.org/W2171368301","https://openalex.org/W2745045259","https://openalex.org/W3094663703","https://openalex.org/W4365799988"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655","https://openalex.org/W2359140296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today's":[0],"microprocessor":[1],"cores":[2],"reach":[3],"high":[4,11,64],"performance":[5],"levels":[6],"not":[7],"only":[8],"by":[9,16,104,154,179],"their":[10,67,211],"clock":[12],"rate":[13,73,112,167,207,213],"but":[14],"also":[15,152],"the":[17,28,52,92,142,199,204,215],"concurrent":[18],"execution":[19,72,93,206],"of":[20,24,27,54,95,141,157,198,217],"a":[21,44,114,164,180,196,218],"large":[22],"number":[23],"instructions.":[25],"Because":[26],"relationship":[29],"between":[30],"power":[31,136],"and":[32,70,102,118,123,127,209],"frequency,":[33],"it":[34],"becomes":[35],"attractive":[36],"to":[37],"run":[38],"an":[39,96,155],"OoO":[40,61,97,176],"(Out-of-Order)":[41],"core":[42],"at":[43],"frequency":[45,50],"lower":[46,172],"than":[47],"its":[48,106],"nominal":[49],"in":[51,187,214],"context":[53,216],"embedded":[55],"or":[56,82],"real-time":[57,78,188],"systems.":[58,189],"Unfortunately,":[59],"whereas":[60],"pipelines":[62],"have":[63],"average":[65,144,156],"throughput,":[66],"highly":[68],"variable":[69],"hard-to-predict":[71],"makes":[74],"them":[75],"unsuitable":[76],"for":[77],"systems":[79],"with":[80,171],"hard":[81],"even":[83],"soft":[84],"deadlines.":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87,192],"paper,":[88],"we":[89,194],"demonstrate":[90,191],"that":[91,202],"time":[94],"processor":[98,132],"can":[99,183],"be":[100,185],"stable":[101,165],"predictable":[103],"controlling":[105],"MIPS":[107,166,212],"(Mega":[108],"Instructions":[109],"Per":[110,149],"Second)":[111],"via":[113],"PID":[115],"(Proportional,":[116],"Integral,":[117],"Differential":[119],"gain)":[120],"feedback":[121,181],"controller":[122,182],"DVFS":[124],"(Dynamic":[125],"Voltage":[126],"Frequency":[128],"Scaling).":[129],"The":[130,146],"stabilized":[131,178],"uses":[133],"much":[134],"less":[135],"per":[137,174],"committed":[138],"instruction,":[139,175],"because":[140],"reduced":[143],"frequency.":[145],"EPI":[147],"(Energy":[148],"Instruction)":[150],"is":[151,168],"cut":[153],"28%":[158],"across":[159],"our":[160],"benchmark":[161],"programs.":[162],"Since":[163],"maintained":[169],"consistently":[170],"power/energy":[173],"processors":[177],"realistically":[184],"deployed":[186],"To":[190],"capability":[193],"select":[195],"subset":[197],"MiBench":[200],"benchmarks":[201],"displays":[203],"widest":[205],"variations":[208],"stabilize":[210],"1GHz":[219],"Pentium":[220],"III-like":[221],"microarchitecture.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}