{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109596500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1543438.1543440","title":"Low-power FinFET circuit synthesis using multiple supply and threshold voltages","display_name":"Low-power FinFET circuit synthesis using multiple supply and threshold voltages","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109596500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1543438.1543440","mag":"2109596500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1543438.1543440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1543438.1543440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000714311","display_name":"Prateek Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-1678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prateek Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022344575","display_name":"Anish Muttreja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anish Muttreja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086131079","display_name":"Niraj K. Jha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-0369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niraj K. Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5872,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84284923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6764644384384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.6581814885139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5844016075134277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.582935094833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-voltage","display_name":"Threshold voltage","score":0.5410380363464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5398800373077393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.46653181314468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4573991894721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.45596784353256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.424612820148468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.41583746671676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31971311569213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11679360270500183}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6764644384384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.6581814885139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5844016075134277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.582935094833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195370968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754002","display_name":"Threshold voltage","level":4,"score":0.5410380363464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5398800373077393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.46653181314468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4573991894721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.45596784353256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.424612820148468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41583746671676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31971311569213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11679360270500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1543438.1543440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1543438.1543440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5927429572","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2007-HJ-1602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489111899","https://openalex.org/W1496237396","https://openalex.org/W1509276103","https://openalex.org/W1547760662","https://openalex.org/W1590842594","https://openalex.org/W1601832442","https://openalex.org/W1984176385","https://openalex.org/W2014919362","https://openalex.org/W2031056140","https://openalex.org/W2044782068","https://openalex.org/W2052022045","https://openalex.org/W2058272898","https://openalex.org/W2095596186","https://openalex.org/W2100767609","https://openalex.org/W2103038821","https://openalex.org/W2105407012","https://openalex.org/W2105874609","https://openalex.org/W2108880814","https://openalex.org/W2121190917","https://openalex.org/W2126039497","https://openalex.org/W2128282513","https://openalex.org/W2133249535","https://openalex.org/W2140039917","https://openalex.org/W2148698121","https://openalex.org/W2150368362","https://openalex.org/W2153865810","https://openalex.org/W2161242714","https://openalex.org/W2166386585","https://openalex.org/W2169278276","https://openalex.org/W2171891118","https://openalex.org/W2534881376","https://openalex.org/W4206010581","https://openalex.org/W4250395788"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806295079","https://openalex.org/W3100668214","https://openalex.org/W2009852498","https://openalex.org/W3004587385","https://openalex.org/W1991521745","https://openalex.org/W2109147260","https://openalex.org/W2786811717","https://openalex.org/W4220771873","https://openalex.org/W2069364674","https://openalex.org/W2062767191"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"According":[0],"to":[1,19,65,80,90,105,150,241],"Moore's":[2],"law,":[3],"the":[4,47,135,151,164,172,177,255],"number":[5],"of":[6,33,46,72,96,138,148,153,213,219,228,260],"transistors":[7],"in":[8,24,51,171,254,278],"a":[9,30,62,97,112,145,160,247],"chip":[10],"doubles":[11],"every":[12],"18":[13],"months.":[14],"The":[15,93],"increased":[16,20],"transistor-count":[17],"leads":[18],"power":[21,27,39,49,136,187,211,280],"density.":[22],"Thus,":[23],"modern":[25],"circuits,":[26],"efficiency":[28,137],"is":[29,99,103,266],"central":[31],"determinant":[32],"circuit":[34,118],"efficiency.":[35],"With":[36],"scaling,":[37],"leakage":[38,82],"accounts":[40],"for":[41,114,133,179,197],"an":[42],"increasingly":[43],"larger":[44],"portion":[45],"total":[48],"consumption":[50],"deep":[52,66],"submicron":[53,67],"technologies":[54],"(>40%).":[55],"FinFET":[56,98,116,139],"technology":[57],"has":[58],"been":[59],"proposed":[60,132,232],"as":[61],"promising":[63],"alternative":[64],"bulk":[68,91],"CMOS":[69],"technology,":[70],"because":[71],"its":[73],"better":[74],"scalability,":[75],"short-channel":[76],"characteristics,":[77],"and":[78,84,186,200,215],"ability":[79],"suppress":[81],"current":[83],"mitigate":[85],"device-to-device":[86],"variability":[87],"when":[88,264],"compared":[89],"CMOS.":[92],"subthreshold":[94],"slope":[95],"approximately":[100],"60mV":[101],"which":[102],"close":[104],"ideal.":[106],"In":[107],"this":[108],"article,":[109],"we":[110],"propose":[111,144],"methodology":[113],"low-power":[115],"based":[117,140,193],"synthesis.":[119],"A":[120],"mechanism":[121],"called":[122],"TCMS":[123,149,208,229,282],"(Threshold":[124],"Control":[125],"through":[126],"Multiple":[127],"Supply":[128],"Voltages)":[129],"was":[130],"previously":[131],"improving":[134],"global":[141],"interconnects.":[142],"We":[143,182,237],"significant":[146,161],"generalization":[147],"design":[152],"any":[154],"logic":[155],"circuit.":[156],"This":[157],"scheme":[158,240,252],"represents":[159],"divergence":[162],"from":[163],"conventional":[165],"multiple":[166],"supply":[167,198],"voltage":[168,180,199,202,244,261],"schemes":[169],"considered":[170],"past.":[173],"It":[174],"also":[175,231],"obviates":[176],"need":[178],"level-converters.":[181,262],"employ":[183],"accurate":[184],"delay":[185,223],"estimates":[188],"using":[189],"table":[190],"look-up":[191],"methods":[192],"on":[194],"HSPICE":[195],"simulations":[196],"threshold":[201],"optimization.":[203],"Experimental":[204],"results":[205],"demonstrate":[206],"that":[207,233,268],"can":[209],"provide":[210],"savings":[212,218],"67.6%":[214],"device":[216],"area":[217],"65.2%":[220],"under":[221],"relaxed":[222],"constraints.":[224],"Two":[225],"other":[226],"variants":[227],"are":[230],"yield":[234],"similar":[235],"benefits.":[236],"compare":[238],"our":[239],"extended":[242],"cluster":[243],"scaling":[245],"(ECVS),":[246],"popular":[248],"dual-":[249],"V":[250],"dd":[251],"presented":[253],"literature.":[256],"ECVS":[257,277],"makes":[258],"use":[259],"Even":[263],"it":[265],"assumed":[267],"these":[269],"level-converters":[270],"have":[271],"zero":[272],"delay,":[273],"thus":[274],"significantly":[275],"favoring":[276],"time-constrained":[279],"optimization,":[281],"still":[283],"outperforms":[284],"ECVS.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}