{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162245343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1542245.1542261","title":"Probabilistic event resolution with the pairwise random protocol","display_name":"Probabilistic event resolution with the pairwise random protocol","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162245343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1542245.1542261","mag":"2162245343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1542245.1542261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1542245.1542261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071638035","display_name":"John L. Miller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John L. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062093738","display_name":"Jon Crowcroft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7013-0121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Crowcroft","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071638035"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6827732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"67","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.802861213684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7893627882003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7352077960968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6331442594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5741331577301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5179558992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.44975724816322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.41673198342323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35791414976119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.353407084941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14661911129951477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.802861213684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7893627882003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7352077960968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6331442594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5741331577301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5179558992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.44975724816322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.41673198342323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35791414976119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.353407084941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14661911129951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1542245.1542261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1542245.1542261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.510.3070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.510.3070","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/81285/MillerCrowcroft-PRP2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.607.6081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.607.6081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jac22/talks/tlabs-may26/jm1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:194839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/194839/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971091874","https://openalex.org/W1977908530","https://openalex.org/W1996108662","https://openalex.org/W2020117581","https://openalex.org/W2026965577","https://openalex.org/W2073086835","https://openalex.org/W2115523189","https://openalex.org/W2122753817","https://openalex.org/W2140427284","https://openalex.org/W2142052805","https://openalex.org/W2157835246","https://openalex.org/W2164433993","https://openalex.org/W2165657606","https://openalex.org/W4234004329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487162673","https://openalex.org/W2793211469","https://openalex.org/W2949152769","https://openalex.org/W4372354731","https://openalex.org/W2942366970","https://openalex.org/W2807634898","https://openalex.org/W1692008701","https://openalex.org/W2597588799","https://openalex.org/W4360593462","https://openalex.org/W2562400057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Peer-to-peer":[0],"distributed":[1],"virtual":[2],"environments":[3],"(DVE&amp;apos;s)":[4],"distribute":[5,104],"state":[6,9],"tracking":[7],"and":[8,88,92,119],"transitions.":[10],"Many":[11],"DVE&amp;apos;s-":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14],"online":[15],"games-":[16],"require":[17],"ways":[18],"to":[19,64,67,103],"fairly":[20,39,68],"determine":[21,69],"the":[22,54,70,89,105],"outcome":[23],"of":[24,72,84,107,115],"probabilistic":[25,74,109],"events.":[26],"While":[27],"trivial":[28],"when":[29],"a":[30,43,73,77],"trusted":[31,44,78],"third":[32,45,79],"party":[33,46],"is":[34,47],"involved,":[35],"resolving":[36],"these":[37],"actions":[38],"between":[40,111],"adversaries":[41,66,112],"without":[42,76,113],"much":[48],"more":[49],"difficult.":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52],"proposes":[53],"Pairwise":[55],"Random":[56],"Protocol":[57],"(PRP),":[58],"which":[59],"uses":[60],"secure":[61],"coin":[62],"flipping":[63],"enable":[65],"result":[71],"event":[75],"party.":[80],"Three":[81],"different":[82],"variations":[83],"PRP":[85,100],"are":[86,95],"presented,":[87],"time":[90],"impact":[91],"network":[93],"overhead":[94],"examined.":[96],"We":[97],"conclude":[98],"that":[99],"enables":[101],"DVE\u2019s":[102],"work":[106],"determining":[108],"events":[110],"loss":[114],"security":[116],"or":[117],"fairness,":[118],"with":[120],"acceptable":[121],"overhead.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
