{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011815066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1516046.1516058","title":"ViewpointWhy \"open source\" misses the point of free software","display_name":"ViewpointWhy \"open source\" misses the point of free software","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011815066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1516046.1516058","mag":"2011815066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1516046.1516058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1516046.1516058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036619200","display_name":"Richard Stallman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Stallman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Free Software Foundation","Free Software Foundation#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free Software Foundation","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free Software Foundation#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036619200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.7332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":172,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99642896,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"31","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.8709999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.8709999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6963014602661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.6900554895401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-software","display_name":"Open source software","score":0.6602814793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5460538864135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5281037092208862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.513661801815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.47898411750793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.47258269786834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3356187343597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2609400749206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2330114245414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09737998247146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08330640196800232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.07452511787414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.06659838557243347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6963014602661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.6900554895401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988343187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130645","display_name":"Open source software","level":3,"score":0.6602814793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5460538864135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5281037092208862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.513661801815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.47898411750793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.47258269786834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3356187343597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2609400749206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2330114245414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09737998247146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08330640196800232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07452511787414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.06659838557243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1516046.1516058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1516046.1516058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4376877853","https://openalex.org/W1493891899","https://openalex.org/W4250928611","https://openalex.org/W166480398","https://openalex.org/W167327709","https://openalex.org/W4387839566","https://openalex.org/W4210922265","https://openalex.org/W2491403535","https://openalex.org/W2108777707","https://openalex.org/W2328580451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decoding":[0],"the":[1],"important":[2],"differences":[3],"in":[4],"terminology,":[5],"underlying":[6],"philosophy,":[7],"and":[8],"value":[9],"systems":[10],"between":[11],"two":[12],"similar":[13],"categories":[14],"of":[15],"software.":[16]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
