{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072334351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500412.1500418","title":"The fault-tolerant 3B-20 processor","display_name":"The fault-tolerant 3B-20 processor","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072334351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500412.1500418","mag":"2072334351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1500412.1500418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500412.1500418","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the May 4-7, 1981, national computer conference on - AFIPS '81","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059650852","display_name":"L. E. Gallaher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. E. Gallaher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Telephone Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026427254","display_name":"W.N. Toy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. N. Toy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Telephone Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2111588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6980056762695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6105464100837708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5198443531990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4245692491531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.28613728284835815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6980056762695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6105464100837708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5198443531990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4245692491531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.28613728284835815}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1500412.1500418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500412.1500418","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the May 4-7, 1981, national computer conference on - AFIPS '81","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982747277","https://openalex.org/W2091122772"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,45],"3B-20":[1,46],"is":[2,48],"the":[3,56],"first":[4],"Bell":[5],"System":[6],"general-purpose":[7],"telecommunication":[8],"processor":[9],"designed":[10,49],"to":[11,29,39,50],"meet":[12,51],"a":[13,31,42],"broad":[14],"range":[15],"of":[16,59],"applications.":[17],"New":[18],"features":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"memory":[22],"management":[23],"are":[24,37],"incorporated":[25],"into":[26],"its":[27,64],"design":[28],"support":[30],"modern":[32],"operating":[33],"system.":[34],"Hardware":[35],"supports":[36],"provided":[38],"efficiently":[40],"execute":[41],"high-level":[43],"language.":[44],"Processor":[47],"ESS":[52],"reliability":[53],"requirements":[54],"and":[55],"proven":[57],"technique":[58],"self-checking":[60],"duplex":[61],"operation":[62],"forms":[63],"basic":[65],"architecture":[66],"structure.":[67]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}