{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2056719094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500175.1500374","title":"Effective use of computers","display_name":"Effective use of computers","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2056719094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500175.1500374","mag":"2056719094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1500175.1500374","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500175.1500374","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '74","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087886809","display_name":"Marvin Wofsey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marvin M. Wofsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University","george Washington University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"george Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045456903","display_name":"James V. Milano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180857899","display_name":"Pfizer (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James V. Milano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pfizer and Company, Inc","Pfizer and Company, Inc.#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pfizer and Company, Inc","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pfizer and Company, Inc.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084317135","display_name":"Phillip J. London","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96062909","display_name":"Babson College","ror":"https://ror.org/01f0syq13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96062909"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip J. London","raw_affiliation_strings":["Babson College"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Babson College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96062909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111878394","display_name":"Robert L. Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96062909","display_name":"Babson College","ror":"https://ror.org/01f0syq13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96062909"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert L. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Babson College"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Babson College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96062909"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108351284","display_name":"Phillip C. Howard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154940","display_name":"Applied Research Associates","ror":"https://ror.org/04gmfhf08","country_code":"NZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154940"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip C. Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Computer Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Computer Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087886809"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29036635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1011","last_page":"1011"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.08709999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.08709999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7522779703140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5735529065132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-applications","display_name":"Computer Applications","score":0.44842201471328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-discussion","display_name":"Panel discussion","score":0.43004122376441956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7522779703140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5735529065132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545109879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157412","display_name":"Computer Applications","level":2,"score":0.44842201471328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781433648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2100278","display_name":"Panel discussion","level":2,"score":0.43004122376441956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1500175.1500374","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1500175.1500374","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '74","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W72371200","https://openalex.org/W2767411976","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2091328862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"panel":[1,61],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,32,41],"the":[4,33,42,50],"critical":[5],"areas":[6],"of":[7,52],"evaluation":[8],"in":[9],"order":[10],"to":[11],"promote":[12],"effective":[13],"computer":[14,24],"installations.":[15],"Comparatively":[16],"short":[17],"papers":[18],"will":[19,56],"be":[20,57],"presented":[21],"on:":[22],"evaluating":[23,26],"installations,":[25],"programs":[27,36],"before":[28],"they":[29,38],"are":[30,39],"put":[31],"computer,":[34,43],"reevaluating":[35],"after":[37],"running":[40],"and":[44],"what":[45],"management":[46],"should":[47],"know":[48],"about":[49],"performance":[51],"their":[53],"system.":[54],"These":[55],"followed":[58],"by":[59],"a":[60],"discussion.":[62]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
