{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026431993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1499799.1499863","title":"The economics of software quality assurance","display_name":"The economics of software quality assurance","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026431993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1499799.1499863","mag":"2026431993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1499799.1499863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1499799.1499863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1976, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '76","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109356977","display_name":"David S. Alberts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David S. Alberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation McLean Virginia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation McLean Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109356977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.3725,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99022448,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"433","last_page":"433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality-analyst","display_name":"Software quality analyst","score":0.8711957931518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality-assurance","display_name":"Software quality assurance","score":0.7469125986099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"Quality assurance","score":0.717062771320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.6643990874290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6299551725387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality-control","display_name":"Software quality control","score":0.5738143920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.522782027721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.5133160948753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-development-life-cycle","display_name":"Systems development life cycle","score":0.4459307789802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.42827823758125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.42541080713272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.42284324765205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.42018967866897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.38985681533813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3354584276676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16145756840705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.10160163044929504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08008161187171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.05263647437095642}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188329197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554613","display_name":"Software quality analyst","level":5,"score":0.8711957931518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776969324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613918","display_name":"Software quality assurance","level":5,"score":0.7469125986099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.717062771320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.6643990874290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6299551725387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176035894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554350","display_name":"Software quality control","level":5,"score":0.5738143920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.522782027721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.5133160948753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120617098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559486","display_name":"Systems development life cycle","level":5,"score":0.4459307789802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.42827823758125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.42541080713272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.42284324765205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.42018967866897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.38985681533813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3354584276676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16145756840705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.10160163044929504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08008161187171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.05263647437095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778618615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008393","display_name":"External quality assessment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1499799.1499863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1499799.1499863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1976, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '76","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77768834","https://openalex.org/W156033992","https://openalex.org/W623767837","https://openalex.org/W2003918347","https://openalex.org/W2026527406","https://openalex.org/W2036138637","https://openalex.org/W2060979912","https://openalex.org/W2093540203","https://openalex.org/W2103405740","https://openalex.org/W2105288295","https://openalex.org/W2125200236","https://openalex.org/W2126538733","https://openalex.org/W2133750853","https://openalex.org/W2139682567","https://openalex.org/W2142321961","https://openalex.org/W2153894032","https://openalex.org/W2165180029","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374788527","https://openalex.org/W2810891183","https://openalex.org/W1969980738","https://openalex.org/W1580492598","https://openalex.org/W2559621199","https://openalex.org/W2376192164","https://openalex.org/W4214677880","https://openalex.org/W2504378244","https://openalex.org/W4399450963","https://openalex.org/W2274561752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"examination":[4],"into":[5],"the":[6,15,24,26,47],"economics":[7],"of":[8,14,28,40,46,54],"software":[9,16,48,58],"quality":[10,29,59,79],"assurance.":[11],"An":[12],"analysis":[13],"life-cycle":[17,49],"is":[18],"performed":[19],"to":[20],"determine":[21],"where":[22],"in":[23,56],"cycle":[25],"application":[27],"assurance":[30],"techniques":[31],"would":[32],"be":[33],"most":[34],"beneficial.":[35],"The":[36],"number":[37],"and":[38,69,74,80],"types":[39],"errors":[41],"occurring":[42],"at":[43],"various":[44],"phases":[45],"are":[50,72,82],"estimated.":[51],"A":[52],"variety":[53],"approaches":[55],"increasing":[57],"(including":[60],"Structured":[61],"Programming,":[62],"Top":[63],"Down":[64],"Design,":[65],"Programmer":[66],"Management":[67],"Techniques":[68],"Automated":[70],"Tools)":[71],"reviewed":[73],"their":[75],"potential":[76],"impact":[77],"on":[78],"costs":[81],"examined.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
