{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036787957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1476589.1476634","title":"A computer with hands, eyes, and ears","display_name":"A computer with hands, eyes, and ears","publication_year":1968,"publication_date":"1968-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036787957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1476589.1476634","mag":"2036787957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1476589.1476634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1476589.1476634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I on - AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001232416","display_name":"John McCarthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-1921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. McCarthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford, California","Stanford University                      Stanford, California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University                      Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031987694","display_name":"Les Earnest","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. D. Earnest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford, California","Stanford University                      Stanford, California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University                      Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109280186","display_name":"D. R. Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. R. Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford, California","Stanford University                      Stanford, California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University                      Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021236816","display_name":"P. J. Vicens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. J. Vicens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford, California","Stanford University                      Stanford, California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University                      Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001232416"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1169,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97484863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"329","last_page":"329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9557999968528748,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9262999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7539473176002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.6220049262046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6014920473098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5658655166625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4338221848011017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39282622933387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1817033588886261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11311072111129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.05563676357269287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7539473176002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6220049262046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6014920473098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5658655166625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4338221848011017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39282622933387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1817033588886261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11311072111129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.05563676357269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1476589.1476634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1476589.1476634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I on - AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71110385","https://openalex.org/W91346472","https://openalex.org/W1558446093","https://openalex.org/W1976737908","https://openalex.org/W2052774093","https://openalex.org/W2261200122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2775347418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"anthropomorphic":[1],"terms":[2],"of":[3,31,70],"the":[4,29,59,68],"title":[5],"may":[6],"suggest":[7],"an":[8],"interest":[9,25],"in":[10,27,67],"machines":[11,35],"that":[12,62],"look":[13],"or":[14],"act":[15],"like":[16],"men.":[17],"To":[18],"this":[19],"extent":[20],"it":[21],"is":[22,26],"misleading.":[23],"Our":[24],"extending":[28],"range":[30],"tasks":[32,66],"to":[33,39,57],"which":[34],"can":[36],"be":[37],"applied":[38],"include":[40],"those":[41],"that,":[42],"when":[43],"performed":[44],"by":[45],"a":[46],"human,":[47],"require":[48],"coordination":[49],"between":[50],"perceptual":[51],"and":[52],"motor":[53],"processes.":[54],"We":[55],"attempt":[56],"suppress":[58],"egocentric":[60],"idea":[61],"man":[63],"performs":[64],"these":[65],"best":[69],"all":[71],"possible":[72],"ways.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}