{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084445272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464182.1464223","title":"IBM 2321 data cell drive","display_name":"IBM 2321 data cell drive","publication_year":1966,"publication_date":"1966-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084445272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464182.1464223","mag":"2084445272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1464182.1464223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464182.1464223","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1464182.1464223","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the April 26-28, 1966, Spring joint computer conference on XX - AFIPS '66 (Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1464182.1464223","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039896820","display_name":"Alan F. Shugart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan F. Shugart","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation, San Jose, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation, San Jose, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084900629","display_name":"Yang-Hu Tong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang-Hu Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation, San Jose, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation, San Jose, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1247,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88870246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"335","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interchangeability","display_name":"Interchangeability","score":0.9087067246437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.8052642345428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6555057168006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.587106466293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.48752591013908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.45800328254699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.43802398443222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storage-management","display_name":"Storage management","score":0.4221374988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33211493492126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32433193922042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0701848566532135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779606619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092524","display_name":"Interchangeability","level":2,"score":0.9087067246437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.8052642345428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6555057168006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.587106466293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.48752591013908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.45800328254699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.43802398443222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984984529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7619925","display_name":"Storage management","level":2,"score":0.4221374988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33211493492126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32433193922042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0701848566532135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1464182.1464223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464182.1464223","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1464182.1464223","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the April 26-28, 1966, Spring joint computer conference on XX - AFIPS '66 (Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1464182.1464223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464182.1464223","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1464182.1464223","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the April 26-28, 1966, Spring joint computer conference on XX - AFIPS '66 (Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084445272.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084445272.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077560085","https://openalex.org/W2382858638","https://openalex.org/W2371788087","https://openalex.org/W2080694895","https://openalex.org/W2359738111","https://openalex.org/W2383384203","https://openalex.org/W2352360638","https://openalex.org/W2393352797","https://openalex.org/W2368186505","https://openalex.org/W2038083318"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ten":[0],"years":[1],"ago":[2],"IBM":[3],"announced":[4],"the":[5,15,35,38,65,69,71,74,77,87,96],"305":[6],"and":[7,73,79],"650":[8],"RAMAC":[9],"Data":[10,98],"Processing":[11],"Systems---systems":[12],"that":[13,52],"heralded":[14],"on-line":[16],"processing":[17],"concept,":[18],"wherein":[19],"business":[20],"transactions":[21],"could":[22],"be":[23],"economically":[24],"processed":[25],"as":[26],"they":[27],"occurred.":[28],"This":[29],"was":[30,86],"made":[31,58],"possible":[32],"largely":[33],"through":[34],"use":[36],"of":[37,82],"350/355":[39],"Disk":[40,89],"Storage":[41,90],"Files,":[42],"whose":[43],"5":[44],"million":[45],"stored":[46],"characters":[47],"were":[48],"directly":[49],"accessible.":[50],"Since":[51],"time,":[53],"significant":[54],"advancements":[55],"have":[56],"been":[57],"in":[59],"direct-access":[60,83],"memory":[61],"development.":[62],"These":[63],"include":[64],"double":[66],"density":[67],"350/355,":[68],"1405,":[70],"1301":[72],"2302.":[75],"Pioneering":[76],"removability":[78],"interchangeability":[80],"features":[81],"storage":[84],"media":[85],"1311":[88],"Drive.":[91,100],"A":[92],"further":[93],"advancement":[94],"is":[95],"2321":[97],"Cell":[99]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
