{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069272275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1452335.1452341","title":"A day at the root of the internet","display_name":"A day at the root of the internet","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069272275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1452335.1452341","mag":"2069272275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1452335.1452341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1452335.1452341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023502074","display_name":"Sebastian Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-9959"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA and NIC Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA and NIC Chile","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046812412","display_name":"Duane Wessels","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154680","display_name":"Measurement Specialties (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/023csce19","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154680"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duane Wessels","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA and The Measurement Factory, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA and The Measurement Factory, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154680"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077417426","display_name":"Marina Fomenkov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Fomenkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072282499","display_name":"kc claffy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-3493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly Claffy","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0526,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91109522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":"41","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anycast","display_name":"Anycast","score":0.8687774538993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.7849386930465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7216962575912476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.6804335713386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name-system","display_name":"Domain Name System","score":0.6316697597503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5857651829719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5143300294876099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","score":0.4854326844215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3333374857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.285355806350708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122005561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613897","display_name":"Anycast","level":3,"score":0.8687774538993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.7849386930465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7216962575912476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.6804335713386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35026560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8767","display_name":"Domain Name System","level":3,"score":0.6316697597503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5857651829719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5143300294876099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171078966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111029","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4854326844215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3333374857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.285355806350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1452335.1452341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1452335.1452341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.205.3195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.205.3195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.caida.org/publications/papers/2008/root_internet/root_internet.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175921960","https://openalex.org/W1481841369","https://openalex.org/W1509959393","https://openalex.org/W1828150029","https://openalex.org/W1830706756","https://openalex.org/W1964137267","https://openalex.org/W1987822783","https://openalex.org/W2058735339","https://openalex.org/W2123002482","https://openalex.org/W2129839971","https://openalex.org/W2148152912","https://openalex.org/W2153545488","https://openalex.org/W2153981076","https://openalex.org/W2160594464","https://openalex.org/W2170122011","https://openalex.org/W2257451327","https://openalex.org/W2490961815","https://openalex.org/W2887048205","https://openalex.org/W3160077017","https://openalex.org/W3163438663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516199701","https://openalex.org/W2054545906","https://openalex.org/W2065991182","https://openalex.org/W2004078625","https://openalex.org/W2969579571","https://openalex.org/W301141649","https://openalex.org/W2948569047","https://openalex.org/W596534943","https://openalex.org/W2990846335","https://openalex.org/W3214913819"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"analyzed":[1],"the":[2,15,42,45,97,105,110,125,128,145,166,175,179,185,188,191,201],"largest":[3],"simultaneous":[4],"collection":[5],"of":[6,14,28,32,44,62,90,117,124,172,190],"full-payload":[7],"packet":[8],"traces":[9],"from":[10],"a":[11,217],"core":[12],"component":[13],"global":[16,33,106],"Internet":[17],"infrastructure":[18,202],"ever":[19],"made":[20],"available":[21],"to":[22,73,143,159,170],"academic":[23],"researchers.":[24],"Our":[25,163],"dataset":[26],"consists":[27],"three":[29,38],"large":[30],"samples":[31],"DNS":[34,68,118],"traffic":[35,85,126,173],"collected":[36],"during":[37],"annual":[39],"\"Day":[40,186],"in":[41,49,96,187],"Life":[43,189],"Internet\"":[46,192],"(DITL)":[47],"experiments":[48],"January":[50,52],"2006,":[51],"2007,":[53],"and":[54,65,82,93,151,177,213,219],"March":[55],"2008.":[56],"Building":[57],"on":[58,104,203],"our":[59,210],"previous":[60],"comparison":[61],"DITL":[63,66],"2006":[64],"2007":[67],"datasets":[69],"[28],":[70],"we":[71,205],"venture":[72],"extract":[74],"historical":[75],"trends,":[76],"comparisons":[77],"with":[78],"other":[79],"data":[80,111],"sources,":[81],"interpretations,":[83],"including":[84],"growth,":[86],"usage":[87],"patterns,":[88],"impact":[89],"anycast":[91],"distribution,":[92],"persistent":[94],"problems":[95],"root":[98,129,148],"nameserver":[99],"system":[100],"that":[101,200],"reflect":[102],"ominously":[103],"Internet.":[107],"Most":[108],"notably,":[109],"consistently":[112],"reveals":[113],"an":[114,121],"extraordinary":[115],"amount":[116],"pollution":[119],"--":[120],"estimated":[122],"98%":[123],"at":[127,135,197],"servers":[130],"should":[131],"not":[132,182],"be":[133],"there":[134,138],"all.":[136],"Unfortunately,":[137],"is":[139],"no":[140],"clear":[141],"path":[142],"reducing":[144],"pollution,":[146],"so":[147],"server":[149],"operators,":[150],"those":[152],"who":[153],"finance":[154],"them,":[155],"must":[156],"perpetually":[157],"overprovision":[158],"handle":[160],"this":[161],"pollution.":[162],"study":[164,180],"presents":[165],"most":[167],"complete":[168],"characterization":[169],"date":[171],"reaching":[174],"roots,":[176],"while":[178],"does":[181,195],"adequately":[183],"fulfill":[184],"vision,":[193],"it":[194],"succeed":[196],"unequivocally":[198],"demonstrating":[199],"which":[204],"are":[206],"all":[207],"now":[208],"betting":[209],"professional,":[211],"personal,":[212],"political":[214],"lives":[215],"deserves":[216],"closer":[218],"more":[220],"scientific":[221],"look.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}