{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122833539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1450095.1450117","title":"Predictable programming on a precision timed architecture","display_name":"Predictable programming on a precision timed architecture","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122833539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1450095.1450117","mag":"2122833539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1450095.1450117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1450095.1450117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d85m6dp0","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047081403","display_name":"Ben Lickly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Lickly","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078613469","display_name":"Isaac Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100647599","display_name":"Sung-Jun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7423-4542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungjun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074065388","display_name":"Hiren Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-4471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiren D. Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055354961","display_name":"Stephen A. Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen A. Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009831760","display_name":"Edward A. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5663-0584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward A. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047081403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.7216,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":157,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99576943,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"137","last_page":"146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processor-scheduling","display_name":"Processor scheduling","score":0.7030087113380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6593755483627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6100596785545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-timing-analysis","display_name":"Static timing analysis","score":0.5702754855155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/worst-case-execution-time","display_name":"Worst-case execution time","score":0.5065761804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/execution-time","display_name":"Execution time","score":0.46985068917274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44914039969444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.434237539768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.42018991708755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3928651213645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3607133626937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.17777222394943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.10617685317993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.08365264534950256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984822820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123036","display_name":"Processor scheduling","level":3,"score":0.7030087113380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6593755483627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6100596785545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93682380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2025226","display_name":"Static timing analysis","level":2,"score":0.5702754855155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200130814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362858","display_name":"Worst-case execution time","level":3,"score":0.5065761804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989134064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288510","display_name":"Execution time","level":2,"score":0.46985068917274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44914039969444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.434237539768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42018991708755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3928651213645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3607133626937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.17777222394943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.10617685317993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.08365264534950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1450095.1450117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1450095.1450117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.147.2050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.147.2050","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~sedwards/papers/lickly2008predictable.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.229.869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.229.869","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://chess.eecs.berkeley.edu/pubs/475/cases025-lickly.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/D85M6DP0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D85M6DP0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Reports"},{"id":"pmh:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/D8NZ8J1P","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D8NZ8J1P","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:berkeley.edu:28722-bk0003f074z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://techreports.lib.berkeley.edu/accessPages/EECS-2008-40.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050879","display_name":"UC Berkeley","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"technical reports"},{"id":"doi:10.7916/d85m6dp0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d85m6dp0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.7916/d8nz8j1p","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d8nz8j1p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7916/d85m6dp0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d85m6dp0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1736321625","display_name":"CSR-CPS: Action Webs Seedling","funder_award_id":"0720841","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3306441335","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCR-0225610","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4772409596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-07-2-0019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6181829560","display_name":"CSR-SGER: Cyber-Physical Systems - Are Computing Foundations Adequate?","funder_award_id":"0647591","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6440461290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0720882","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7452299184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7460574776","display_name":"ITR: Foundations of Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems","funder_award_id":"0225610","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8289759875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","funder_display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8998121839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326308","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507495123","https://openalex.org/W1545238651","https://openalex.org/W1550670412","https://openalex.org/W1555915743","https://openalex.org/W1569551987","https://openalex.org/W1976575875","https://openalex.org/W2007946113","https://openalex.org/W2009776423","https://openalex.org/W2072937614","https://openalex.org/W2081938726","https://openalex.org/W2103779723","https://openalex.org/W2111683449","https://openalex.org/W2121076909","https://openalex.org/W2126981542","https://openalex.org/W2136468674","https://openalex.org/W2146348521","https://openalex.org/W2149572032","https://openalex.org/W2149803907","https://openalex.org/W2151653149","https://openalex.org/W2163270257","https://openalex.org/W2164614983","https://openalex.org/W2170284496","https://openalex.org/W2172212694","https://openalex.org/W3023258080","https://openalex.org/W3098766585","https://openalex.org/W4246463991","https://openalex.org/W6633991648","https://openalex.org/W6653021518","https://openalex.org/W7009982596"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W136631479","https://openalex.org/W2163202742","https://openalex.org/W2098932080","https://openalex.org/W2742764916","https://openalex.org/W2607723214","https://openalex.org/W2119358936","https://openalex.org/W3130041341","https://openalex.org/W1549916137","https://openalex.org/W2156929691","https://openalex.org/W1543783659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"a":[1,10],"hard":[2],"real-time":[3],"embedded":[4],"system,":[5],"the":[6,18],"time":[7,55],"at":[8],"which":[9],"result":[11,19],"is":[12,14,31],"computed":[13],"as":[15,17],"important":[16],"itself.":[20],"Modern":[21],"processors":[22],"go":[23],"to":[24,27],"extreme":[25],"lengths":[26],"ensure":[28],"their":[29],"function":[30],"predictable,":[32],"but":[33,50],"have":[34],"abandoned":[35],"predictable":[36],"timing":[37],"in":[38],"favor":[39],"of":[40],"average-case":[41],"performance.":[42],"Real-time":[43],"operating":[44],"systems":[45],"provide":[46,59],"timing-aware":[47],"scheduling":[48],"policies,":[49],"without":[51],"precise":[52],"worst-case":[53],"execution":[54],"bounds":[56],"they":[57],"cannot":[58],"guarantees.":[60]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
