{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018012856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1414694.1414696","title":"The study of information retrieval","display_name":"The study of information retrieval","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018012856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1414694.1414696","mag":"2018012856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1414694.1414696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1414694.1414696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second international symposium on Information interaction in context","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081925956","display_name":"Stephen Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-6215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK","Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081925956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10666891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.3321000039577484,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.3321000039577484,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.608515202999115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.568148136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5214042663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5208033323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.5168726444244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5114644765853882}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.608515202999115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.568148136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5214042663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5208033323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.5168726444244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5114644765853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1414694.1414696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1414694.1414696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second international symposium on Information interaction in context","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023370952","https://openalex.org/W167737004","https://openalex.org/W1964038241","https://openalex.org/W2185038817","https://openalex.org/W2004064649","https://openalex.org/W2385957133","https://openalex.org/W3590553","https://openalex.org/W3141094475","https://openalex.org/W2390285850","https://openalex.org/W2550180686"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Cranfield":[1,37],"projects":[2],"began":[3],"in":[4,28,50,68],"1958":[5],"--":[6],"fifty":[7],"years":[8],"ago.":[9],"They":[10],"have":[11],"of":[12,20,58,74,82,85,99,125,128,136],"course":[13],"been":[14],"extraordinarily":[15],"influential,":[16],"forming":[17],"a":[18,123],"view":[19],"information":[21],"retrieval":[22],"as":[23,93,122],"an":[24,78],"experimental":[25],"science,":[26],"which":[27],"some":[29],"fashion":[30],"persists":[31],"to":[32],"this":[33],"day.":[34],"Although":[35],"the":[36,46,51,69,72,83,96,100,104,107,126,129,134,137],"tradition":[38],"has":[39,110],"had":[40],"its":[41,66],"ups":[42],"and":[43,64,76,115,133],"downs":[44],"-":[45,61],"main":[47],"down":[48],"being":[49,59],"late":[52],"eighties,":[53],"when":[54],"it":[55,62,88],"showed":[56],"signs":[57],"moribund":[60],"revived":[63],"regained":[65],"status":[67],"nineties":[70],"with":[71],"start":[73],"TREC,":[75],"remains":[77],"extremely":[79],"influential":[80],"world-view":[81],"field":[84,108],"search":[86,139],"(as":[87],"is":[89],"now":[90],"commonly":[91],"known)":[92],"we":[94],"approach":[95],"second":[97],"decade":[98],"21st":[101],"century.":[102],"At":[103],"same":[105],"time,":[106],"itself":[109],"become":[111],"vastly":[112,118],"better":[113],"known,":[114],"IR":[116],"systems":[117],"more":[119],"widely":[120],"used,":[121],"result":[124],"spread":[127],"world":[130],"wide":[131],"web":[132,138],"development":[135],"engine.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}