{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036176451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1400751.1400797","title":"The impact of randomization in smoothing networks","display_name":"The impact of randomization in smoothing networks","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036176451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1400751.1400797","mag":"2036176451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1400751.1400797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1400751.1400797","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the twenty-seventh ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066537602","display_name":"Marios Mavronicolas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0115-3045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Mavronicolas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017390373","display_name":"Thomas Sauerwald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-283X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Sauerwald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","University of Paderborn,, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Paderborn,, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4285,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79502349,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"345","last_page":"354"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.8708264827728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.8486630320549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.615874171257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-logarithm","display_name":"Binary logarithm","score":0.5085428953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4503142833709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4475027322769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44505512714385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4441668391227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-algorithm","display_name":"Randomized algorithm","score":0.43608349561691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.412462443113327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3334343433380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3296443819999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.325957715511322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19283708930015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09074059128761292}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.8708264827728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.8486630320549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.615874171257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63553672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581168","display_name":"Binary logarithm","level":2,"score":0.5085428953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4503142833709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4475027322769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44505512714385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4441668391227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128669082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583461","display_name":"Randomized algorithm","level":2,"score":0.43608349561691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.412462443113327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3334343433380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3296443819999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.325957715511322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19283708930015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09074059128761292}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1400751.1400797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1400751.1400797","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the twenty-seventh ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505787165","https://openalex.org/W1566404690","https://openalex.org/W1574923065","https://openalex.org/W1587590810","https://openalex.org/W1603765807","https://openalex.org/W1695073853","https://openalex.org/W1833282048","https://openalex.org/W1973383391","https://openalex.org/W1983572666","https://openalex.org/W1984407065","https://openalex.org/W2021469018","https://openalex.org/W2038456107","https://openalex.org/W2060672924","https://openalex.org/W2061686008","https://openalex.org/W2068871408","https://openalex.org/W2073491596","https://openalex.org/W2074744302","https://openalex.org/W2096006817","https://openalex.org/W2096567392","https://openalex.org/W2103012681","https://openalex.org/W2116591503","https://openalex.org/W2141389982","https://openalex.org/W2295944892","https://openalex.org/W2752853835","https://openalex.org/W3198160809","https://openalex.org/W4233413206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W967181689","https://openalex.org/W2134817643","https://openalex.org/W2090095013","https://openalex.org/W2363386023","https://openalex.org/W2403101565","https://openalex.org/W4367665025","https://openalex.org/W2036758175","https://openalex.org/W3046990805","https://openalex.org/W4287691960","https://openalex.org/W1994598067"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,53,64],"revisit":[1],"smoothing":[2,129,197,240],"networks":[3,145],"which":[4,75,183,242],"are":[5,57,76],"made":[6],"up":[7],"of":[8,45,68,82,114,127,131,139,142,194,205,221,247],"balancers":[9,56],"and":[10,19,60,70,103,119,121,168,178,181,208,228,238],"wires.":[11,52],"Tokens":[12],"arrive":[13],"arbitrarily":[14],"on":[15,29,73],"w":[16,50,90,207],"input":[17],"wires":[18],"propagate":[20],"asynchronously":[21],"through":[22],"the":[23,30,39,43,49,97,111,128,132,137,140,156,191,222,233,260],"network;":[24],"each":[25],"token":[26],"gets":[27],"service":[28],"output":[31,51],"wire":[32],"it":[33,122,249],"arrives":[34],"at.":[35],"The":[36,172],"smoothness":[37,81,138,254],"is":[38,87,100,146,155,200,264],"maximum":[40],"discrepancy":[41],"among":[42],"numbers":[44],"tokens":[46],"arriving":[47],"at":[48,62],"assume":[54],"that":[55,211],"oriented":[58],"independently":[59],"uniformly":[61],"random.":[63],"present":[65],"a":[66,83],"collection":[67],"lower":[69],"upper":[71,112],"bounds":[72],"smoothness,":[74],"to":[77,252,262],"some":[78,175],"extent":[79],"surprising:-The":[80],"single":[84],"block":[85,133,144],"network":[86,160,204,225],"log":[88,89,166],"+":[91],"\u0398(1)":[92],"(with":[93,151],"high":[94,152],"probability),":[95],"where":[96],"additive":[98],"constant":[99,253],"between":[101,236],"-2":[102],"4.":[104],"This":[105,188],"tight":[106],"bound":[107,113],"improves":[108,124],"vastly":[109],"over":[110],"O(\u221alog":[115],"w)":[116,167],"from":[117,226],"Herlihy":[118],"Tirthapura,":[120],"significantly":[123],"our":[125],"understanding":[126],"properties":[130],"network.":[134],"-Most":[135],"significantly,":[136],"cascade":[141],"two":[143],"no":[147,201],"more":[148],"than":[149,217],"16":[150],"probability);":[153],"this":[154,230],"first":[157,234],"known":[158],"randomized":[159,202,239],"with":[161,214],"so":[162,169],"small":[163],"depth":[164,209],"(2":[165],"good":[170],"smoothness.":[171],"proof":[173],"introduces":[174],"novel":[176],"combinatorial":[177],"probabilistic":[179],"structures":[180],"techniques":[182],"may":[184],"be":[185],"further":[186],"applicable.":[187],"result":[189,231],"demonstrates":[190,243],"full":[192],"power":[193],"randomization":[195],"in":[196],"networks.":[198],"-There":[199],"1-smoothing":[203,224,263],"width":[206],"d":[210],"achieves":[212],"1-smoothness":[213],"probability":[215],"better":[216],"d/w-1.":[218],"In":[219],"view":[220],"deterministic":[223,237],"Klugerman":[227],"Plaxton,":[229],"implies":[232],"separation":[235],"networks,":[241],"an":[244],"unexpected":[245],"limitation":[246],"randomization:":[248],"can":[250],"get":[251],"very":[255,265],"easily,":[256],"but":[257],"after":[258],"that,":[259],"progress":[261],"limited.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}