{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089941608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1389095.1389105","title":"A sense of danger","display_name":"A sense of danger","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089941608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1389095.1389105","mag":"2089941608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1389095.1389105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1389095.1389105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067975347","display_name":"Neha Mazhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4404-1792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nauman Mazhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103408949","display_name":"Muddassar Farooq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1882-7819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muddassar Farooq","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"70"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","score":0.5028197169303894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5001702308654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16430634260177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1007501482963562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143141573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7450971","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5028197169303894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5001702308654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16430634260177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1007501482963562}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1389095.1389105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1389095.1389105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192749064","https://openalex.org/W1500937079","https://openalex.org/W1560244015","https://openalex.org/W1580533329","https://openalex.org/W1598276955","https://openalex.org/W2005462790","https://openalex.org/W2028597523","https://openalex.org/W2085309784","https://openalex.org/W2099574482","https://openalex.org/W2104292300","https://openalex.org/W2118599924","https://openalex.org/W2132159317","https://openalex.org/W2142515627","https://openalex.org/W2144681143","https://openalex.org/W2149264516","https://openalex.org/W2157283388","https://openalex.org/W2157457404","https://openalex.org/W2158500407","https://openalex.org/W2240455598","https://openalex.org/W3124930780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4385542742","https://openalex.org/W2037111888","https://openalex.org/W3170014661","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIS-based":[0],"intrusion":[1],"detection":[2,98,143,157],"systems":[3],"classically":[4],"utilize":[5],"the":[6,28,114,119,128,198],"paradigm":[7],"of":[8,81,123,132,178,203,218],"self/non-self":[9,194],"discrimination.":[10],"In":[11,87],"this":[12,88],"approach,":[13],"an":[14,75],"algorithm":[15],"learns":[16],"self":[17,36,174],"during":[18],"a":[19,54,63,67,92,102,136,148,172,209],"learning":[20],"phase,":[21],"therefore,":[22],"such":[23],"algorithms":[24],"do":[25],"not":[26,159,213],"have":[27],"ability":[29],"to":[30,50,65,72,79,126,163,169,176,185,193],"cope":[31],"with":[32,40],"scenarios":[33],"in":[34,53,147],"which":[35],"is":[37,44,145,182,205,222],"continuously":[38],"changing":[39,173],"time.":[41],"This":[42,220],"situation":[43],"encountered":[45],"once":[46],"malicious":[47,85],"nodes":[48],"are":[49],"be":[51],"detected":[52],"Mobile":[55],"Ad":[56],"Hoc":[57],"Network":[58],"(MANET).":[59],"Consequently,":[60],"it":[61,211],"becomes":[62],"challenge":[64],"differentiate":[66],"valid":[68],"route":[69],"change":[70],"due":[71,78,175],"mobility":[73,177],"from":[74,113],"illegal":[76],"one":[77],"tampering":[80],"routing":[82,106],"information":[83],"by":[84],"nodes.":[86,228],"paper,":[89],"we":[90],"propose":[91],"dendritic":[93,124],"cell":[94],"based":[95,195],"distributed":[96],"misbehavior":[97],"system,":[99],"BeeAIS-DC,":[100],"for":[101,171,224],"Bio/Nature":[103],"inspired":[104],"MANET":[105],"protocol,":[107],"BeeAdHoc.":[108,219],"Our":[109,152],"proposed":[110,142],"system":[111,144,158],"inspires":[112],"danger":[115,133,199],"theory":[116,200],"and":[117,121,134,207],"models":[118],"function":[120],"behavior":[122,221],"cells":[125],"detect":[127],"presence":[129],"or":[130,138],"absence":[131],"provides":[135],"tolerogenic":[137],"immunogenic":[139],"response.":[140],"The":[141],"implemented":[146],"well-known":[149],"ns-2":[150],"simulator.":[151],"results":[153],"indicate":[154],"that":[155],"our":[156],"only":[160],"enables":[161],"BeeAIS-DC":[162,204],"dynamically":[164],"adapt":[165],"its":[166],"detector":[167],"set":[168],"cater":[170],"nodes,":[179],"but":[180],"also":[181],"robust":[183],"enough":[184],"provide":[186],"significantly":[187],"smaller":[188],"false":[189],"positives":[190],"as":[191,208],"compared":[192],"AIS.":[196],"Moreover,":[197],"related":[201],"overhead":[202],"minimal,":[206],"result,":[210],"does":[212],"degrade":[214],"traditional":[215],"performance":[216],"metrics":[217],"vital":[223],"battery/bandwidth":[225],"constrained":[226],"mobile":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}