{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977788157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383602.1383652","title":"An industry perspective on the beginnings of CAD","display_name":"An industry perspective on the beginnings of CAD","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977788157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383602.1383652","mag":"1977788157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1383602.1383652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383602.1383652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170956","display_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","issn_l":"0097-8418","issn":["0097-8418","2331-3927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030369444","display_name":"Norman Sanders","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096386","display_name":"Bridge University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbm0437","country_code":"SS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386"]}],"countries":["GB","SS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Norman Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge University, Cambridge, England"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University, Cambridge, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386","https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030369444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210096386"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12552561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"128","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14002","display_name":"Art, Technology, and Culture","score":0.9524000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6985628604888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cad","display_name":"CAD","score":0.6926005482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/period","display_name":"Period (music)","score":0.6570613384246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5658997297286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.42319145798683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3880777657032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.3202594816684723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.2390885055065155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.23834377527236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aesthetics","display_name":"Aesthetics","score":0.10611358284950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.08889704942703247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0804416835308075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6985628604888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194789388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17855283","display_name":"CAD","level":2,"score":0.6926005482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.6570613384246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5658997297286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42319145798683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3880777657032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3202594816684723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.2390885055065155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.23834377527236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.10611358284950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.08889704942703247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0804416835308075}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1383602.1383652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383602.1383652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170956","display_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","issn_l":"0097-8418","issn":["0097-8418","2331-3927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2351642967","https://openalex.org/W2387568698","https://openalex.org/W2376582200","https://openalex.org/W2074777095","https://openalex.org/W2323981218","https://openalex.org/W4233558548","https://openalex.org/W4249256157","https://openalex.org/W2368265708","https://openalex.org/W2385801281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,22],"paper":[1,85],"is":[2,101],"a":[3,109],"discussion":[4,110],"of":[5,9,31,42,50,59,73,82,91,95,108],"the":[6,16,26,38,43,47,51,61,69,96,105],"early":[7,40],"days":[8,41],"CAM-CAD":[10],"at":[11],"The":[12,84],"Boeing":[13],"Company,":[14],"covering":[15],"period":[17,23],"approximately":[18],"1956":[19],"to":[20,55,68,78],"1965.":[21],"saw":[24],"probably":[25],"first":[27],"successful":[28],"industrial":[29],"application":[30],"ideas":[32],"that":[33,116],"were":[34],"gaining":[35],"ground":[36],"during":[37,115],"very":[39],"computing":[44],"era.":[45],"Although":[46],"primary":[48],"goal":[49],"CAD":[52],"activity":[53,65],"was":[54],"find":[56],"better":[57],"ways":[58],"building":[60],"727":[62],"airplane,":[63],"this":[64],"led":[66],"quickly":[67],"more":[70],"general":[71],"area":[72],"computer":[74],"graphics,":[75],"leading":[76],"eventually":[77],"today's":[79],"picture-dominated":[80],"use":[81],"computers.":[83],"started":[86],"as":[87,104],"an":[88],"internal":[89],"exchange":[90],"memories":[92],"between":[93],"some":[94],"people":[97],"primarily":[98],"concerned,":[99],"but":[100],"now":[102],"offered":[103],"possible":[106],"start":[107],"involving":[111],"other":[112],"such":[113],"initiatives":[114],"period.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
