{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967391655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383369.1383382","title":"Fault-tolerant facility location","display_name":"Fault-tolerant facility location","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967391655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383369.1383382","mag":"1967391655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1383369.1383382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383369.1383382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137348503","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Algorithms","issn_l":"1549-6325","issn":["1549-6325","1549-6333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031968426","display_name":"Chaitanya Swamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-7941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaitanya Swamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030030349","display_name":"David B. Shmoys","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-901X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David B. Shmoys","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031968426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96576726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facility-location-problem","display_name":"Facility location problem","score":0.8012751340866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rounding","display_name":"Rounding","score":0.6768718957901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-algorithm","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","score":0.6568642258644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.583715558052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-rounding","display_name":"Randomized rounding","score":0.5760140419006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1-center-problem","display_name":"1-center problem","score":0.5630440711975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5628376007080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5134297609329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-space","display_name":"Metric space","score":0.5125057697296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4876798391342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48692500591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.4818474054336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.4560359716415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.45014292001724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-algorithm","display_name":"Randomized algorithm","score":0.42338934540748596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33327221870422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.20597949624061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.08130031824111938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108005400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1305598","display_name":"Facility location problem","level":2,"score":0.8012751340866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136625980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663208","display_name":"Rounding","level":2,"score":0.6768718957901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6568642258644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.583715558052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32029473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7292010","display_name":"Randomized rounding","level":3,"score":0.5760140419006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50524431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4545814","display_name":"1-center problem","level":3,"score":0.5630440711975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5628376007080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5134297609329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198043062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953","display_name":"Metric space","level":2,"score":0.5125057697296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4876798391342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48692500591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.4818474054336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.4560359716415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45014292001724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128669082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583461","display_name":"Randomized algorithm","level":2,"score":0.42338934540748596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33327221870422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.20597949624061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.08130031824111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1383369.1383382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1383369.1383382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137348503","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Algorithms","issn_l":"1549-6325","issn":["1549-6325","1549-6333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.124.6713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.124.6713","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~cswamy/papers/uftsoda.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.216.3334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.216.3334","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.orie.cornell.edu/~shmoys/SwamyShmoys08.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.299.2606","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.299.2606","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~cswamy/papers/uftfl-journ.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.87.5700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.87.5700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~cswamy/papers/uftfl-journ.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6824205232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCR-9912422CCF-0430682DMI-0500263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","funder_display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6912160758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCR-9912422CCF-0430682DMI-0500263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","ror":"https://ror.org/01mng8331"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113414296","https://openalex.org/W181296567","https://openalex.org/W1601812897","https://openalex.org/W1854155592","https://openalex.org/W1973529814","https://openalex.org/W1978117135","https://openalex.org/W1991407520","https://openalex.org/W1992428442","https://openalex.org/W2003207175","https://openalex.org/W2006514056","https://openalex.org/W2010410498","https://openalex.org/W2014811898","https://openalex.org/W2018238867","https://openalex.org/W2019628992","https://openalex.org/W2033647570","https://openalex.org/W2052494364","https://openalex.org/W2072291569","https://openalex.org/W2076746184","https://openalex.org/W2085751730","https://openalex.org/W2101622070","https://openalex.org/W2136442119","https://openalex.org/W2139841919","https://openalex.org/W2157424698","https://openalex.org/W2160082102","https://openalex.org/W2606195968","https://openalex.org/W2608158342","https://openalex.org/W2611804663","https://openalex.org/W2762633139","https://openalex.org/W3148765228","https://openalex.org/W4243637616","https://openalex.org/W4389615669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916943706","https://openalex.org/W2002272911","https://openalex.org/W1978117135","https://openalex.org/W276709744","https://openalex.org/W2157424698","https://openalex.org/W2151242668","https://openalex.org/W3136436047","https://openalex.org/W1987503114","https://openalex.org/W2014811898","https://openalex.org/W2057010620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,30,112,138],"consider":[1,114],"a":[2,17,32,108,115,135,207],"fault-tolerant":[3,116,165,199,212],"generalization":[4],"of":[5,27,74,94,118,142,192],"the":[6,44,72,80,90,98,104,119,124,155,164,183,190,211,220,226],"classical":[7],"uncapacitated":[8],"facility":[9,200],"location":[10,201],"problem,":[11,128],"where":[12,100],"each":[13,150],"client":[14],"j":[15,21,153,169,175],"has":[16],"requirement":[18],"that":[19,68,158],"r":[20,174],"distinct":[22,176],"facilities":[23],"serve":[24],"it,":[25],"instead":[26],"just":[28],"one.":[29],"give":[31,107],"2.076-approximation":[33],"algorithm":[34,49,197,209,224],"for":[35,198,210,216,225],"this":[36,217],"problem":[37,215],"using":[38],"LP":[39],"rounding,":[40],"which":[41,84],"is":[42,58,71,159,180],"currently":[43],"best-known":[45],"performance":[46],"guarantee.":[47],"Our":[48],"exploits":[50],"primal":[51],"and":[52,57,147],"dual":[53,81,95],"complementary":[54],"slackness":[55],"conditions":[56],"based":[59],"on":[60],"clustered":[61],"randomized":[62],"rounding":[63],".":[64],"A":[65],"technical":[66],"difficulty":[67],"we":[69,106,129,167],"overcome":[70],"presence":[73],"terms":[75,93],"with":[76,202],"negative":[77],"coefficients":[78],"in":[79,92,134],"objective":[82],"function,":[83],"makes":[85],"it":[86],"difficult":[87],"to":[88,144,154,161,170,173,181,188],"bound":[89],"cost":[91],"variables.":[96],"For":[97],"case":[99],"all":[101],"requirements":[102,204,228],"are":[103,130],"same,":[105],"primal-dual":[109,196],"1.52-approximation":[110],"algorithm.":[111],"also":[113,205],"version":[117,166],"k":[120,126,141,184,213],"-median":[121,127,214],"problem.":[122],"In":[123,163],"metric":[125,136],"given":[131],"n":[132],"points":[133],"space.":[137],"must":[139],"select":[140,182],"these":[143],"be":[145,171],"centers,":[146],"then":[148],"assign":[149],"input":[151],"point":[152],"selected":[156],"center":[157],"closest":[160],"it.":[162],"want":[168],"assigned":[172],"centers.":[177],"The":[178,195],"goal":[179],"centers":[185],"so":[186],"as":[187],"minimize":[189],"sum":[191],"assignment":[193],"costs.":[194],"uniform":[203,227],"yields":[206],"4-approximation":[208],"case.":[218,229],"This":[219],"first":[221],"constant-factor":[222],"approximation":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}