{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108516128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1380564.1380571","title":"Secure Time Synchronization in Sensor Networks","display_name":"Secure Time Synchronization in Sensor Networks","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108516128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1380564.1380571","mag":"2108516128"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1380564.1380571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1380564.1380571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085883388","display_name":"Saurabh Ganeriwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurabh Ganeriwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113870699","display_name":"Christina P\u00f6pper","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina P\u00f6pper","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich","[ETH, Zurich]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[ETH, Zurich]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077290467","display_name":"Sr\u0111jan \u010capkun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srdjan \u010capkun","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich","[ETH, Zurich]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[ETH, Zurich]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074563122","display_name":"Mani Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3782-9192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mani B. Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085883388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.5302,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98118488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8713959455490112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7586628794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6511995792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6123721599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5821744203567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.555124819278717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolbox","display_name":"Toolbox","score":0.5183438062667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.47427329421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-synchronization","display_name":"Data synchronization","score":0.47081905603408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.46558821201324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35574233531951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32617607712745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1373058259487152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.072623610496521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8713959455490112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7586628794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6511995792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6123721599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5821744203567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.555124819278717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501161","display_name":"Toolbox","level":2,"score":0.5183438062667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.47427329421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108734733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172333","display_name":"Data synchronization","level":3,"score":0.47081905603408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.46558821201324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35574233531951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32617607712745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1373058259487152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.072623610496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1380564.1380571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1380564.1380571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W996120432","https://openalex.org/W1543653153","https://openalex.org/W1549505471","https://openalex.org/W1805023694","https://openalex.org/W1974603511","https://openalex.org/W1976936019","https://openalex.org/W1986127171","https://openalex.org/W1990939104","https://openalex.org/W1998993025","https://openalex.org/W2018093989","https://openalex.org/W2033751220","https://openalex.org/W2034702409","https://openalex.org/W2035918100","https://openalex.org/W2039875296","https://openalex.org/W2041610068","https://openalex.org/W2055791254","https://openalex.org/W2067060908","https://openalex.org/W2067514565","https://openalex.org/W2077246908","https://openalex.org/W2094636498","https://openalex.org/W2095343473","https://openalex.org/W2096966562","https://openalex.org/W2097311735","https://openalex.org/W2105666891","https://openalex.org/W2107740194","https://openalex.org/W2110081058","https://openalex.org/W2114495437","https://openalex.org/W2116269350","https://openalex.org/W2117984332","https://openalex.org/W2118891797","https://openalex.org/W2122690764","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2128381560","https://openalex.org/W2129185512","https://openalex.org/W2129249398","https://openalex.org/W2136262545","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2146924294","https://openalex.org/W2152071426","https://openalex.org/W2159219540","https://openalex.org/W2165025360","https://openalex.org/W2166402167","https://openalex.org/W2404171289","https://openalex.org/W3112127769","https://openalex.org/W3137092842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389400472","https://openalex.org/W2379500522","https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W2350212254","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W2551515746","https://openalex.org/W2380596500","https://openalex.org/W1965911678","https://openalex.org/W1989052413","https://openalex.org/W2011874835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Time":[0],"synchronization":[1,62,74,89],"is":[2],"critical":[3],"in":[4,95],"sensor":[5,51,66],"networks":[6,67],"at":[7],"many":[8],"layers":[9],"of":[10,17,39,49,90,98,112,119,125],"their":[11],"design.":[12],"It":[13],"enables":[14],"better":[15],"duty-cycling":[16],"the":[18,46,96,113,116,120],"radio,":[19],"accurate":[20],"and":[21,25,68,87,115],"secure":[22,72,85],"localization,":[23],"beamforming,":[24],"other":[26,100],"collaborative":[27],"signal":[28],"processing":[29],"tasks.":[30],"These":[31],"benefits":[32],"make":[33],"time-synchronization":[34],"protocols":[35,63,83,127],"a":[36,50,71],"prime":[37],"target":[38],"malicious":[40],"adversaries":[41],"who":[42],"want":[43],"to":[44,76],"disrupt":[45],"normal":[47],"operation":[48],"network.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"article,":[55],"we":[56,69],"analyze":[57],"attacks":[58],"on":[59,135],"existing":[60],"time":[61,73],"for":[64,84],"wireless":[65],"propose":[70],"toolbox":[75,81],"counter":[77],"these":[78,126],"attacks.":[79],"This":[80],"includes":[82],"pairwise":[86],"group":[88],"nodes":[91],"that":[92],"either":[93],"lie":[94],"neighborhood":[97],"each":[99],"or":[101],"are":[102],"separated":[103],"by":[104],"multiple":[105],"hops.":[106],"We":[107],"provide":[108],"an":[109,132],"in-depth":[110],"analysis":[111],"security":[114],"energy":[117],"overhead":[118],"proposed":[121],"protocols.":[122],"The":[123],"efficiency":[124],"has":[128],"been":[129],"tested":[130],"through":[131],"experimental":[133],"study":[134],"Mica2":[136],"motes.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
