{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016066600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1376916.1376934","title":"Query evaluation with soft-key constraints","display_name":"Query evaluation with soft-key constraints","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016066600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1376916.1376934","mag":"2016066600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1376916.1376934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1376916.1376934","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the twenty-seventh ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027830983","display_name":"Abhay K. Jha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abhay Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003599004","display_name":"Vibhor Rastogi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vibhor Rastogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048204602","display_name":"Dan Suciu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4144-0868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Suciu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSE, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027830983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87941368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"119","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p","display_name":"P","score":0.9425479173660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.8093786835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7929550409317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7587805986404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.6625158786773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6111283898353577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5595088601112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.47477149963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.4556884467601776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elgamal-encryption","display_name":"ElGamal encryption","score":0.4470489025115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunctive-query","display_name":"Conjunctive query","score":0.43602487444877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.339418888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18558552861213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16520079970359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.16313326358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1492670476436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12916299700737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08767256140708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.07607755064964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.07336801290512085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134026603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846354","display_name":"P","level":3,"score":0.9425479173660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.8093786835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7929550409317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7587805986404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.6625158786773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6111283898353577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5595088601112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.47477149963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.4556884467601776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11045955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162410","display_name":"ElGamal encryption","level":4,"score":0.4470489025115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65647387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781706","display_name":"Conjunctive query","level":3,"score":0.43602487444877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.339418888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18558552861213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16520079970359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.16313326358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1492670476436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12916299700737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08767256140708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.07607755064964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.07336801290512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1376916.1376934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1376916.1376934","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the twenty-seventh ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.185.953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.185.953","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/suciu/file16_paper.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9807920","https://openalex.org/W15647449","https://openalex.org/W1513861746","https://openalex.org/W1555412276","https://openalex.org/W1599188306","https://openalex.org/W1716383435","https://openalex.org/W1742677423","https://openalex.org/W1977970897","https://openalex.org/W1992609556","https://openalex.org/W2044494469","https://openalex.org/W2072419714","https://openalex.org/W2078686663","https://openalex.org/W2079914085","https://openalex.org/W2102489964","https://openalex.org/W2109865382","https://openalex.org/W2115826669","https://openalex.org/W2120825705","https://openalex.org/W2125791539","https://openalex.org/W2127186572","https://openalex.org/W2139435319","https://openalex.org/W2149602209","https://openalex.org/W2154368191","https://openalex.org/W2156776134","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2166916904","https://openalex.org/W2166994031","https://openalex.org/W2171472464","https://openalex.org/W6633385787","https://openalex.org/W6682082875"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2551830925","https://openalex.org/W2963364464","https://openalex.org/W2951002752","https://openalex.org/W2156776134","https://openalex.org/W1977121595","https://openalex.org/W4288363924","https://openalex.org/W2261395231","https://openalex.org/W2606293658","https://openalex.org/W2111229178","https://openalex.org/W2157308304"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Key":[0],"Violations":[1],"often":[2],"occur":[3],"in":[4,8,75,100],"real-life":[5],"datasets,":[6],"especially":[7],"those":[9,99],"integrated":[10],"from":[11],"different":[12],"sources.":[13],"Enforcing":[14],"constraints":[15,32],"strictly":[16],"on":[17,33,85],"these":[18],"datasets":[19],"is":[20],"not":[21],"feasible.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24,96],"paper":[25],"we":[26,62,70],"formalize":[27],"the":[28,53,80,103],"notion":[29],"of":[30,40,66,82],"soft-key":[31],"probabilistic":[34,58],"databases,":[35],"which":[36,105],"allow":[37],"for":[38],"violation":[39],"key":[41],"constraint":[42],"by":[43,48],"penalizing":[44],"every":[45],"violating":[46],"world":[47],"a":[49,64,92],"quantity":[50],"proportional":[51],"to":[52],"violation.":[54],"To":[55],"represent":[56],"our":[57],"database":[59],"with":[60,87],"constraints,":[61],"define":[63],"class":[65],"markov":[67],"networks,":[68],"where":[69],"can":[71],"do":[72],"query":[73],"evaluation":[74,81],"PTIME.":[76],"We":[77],"also":[78],"study":[79],"conjunctive":[83],"queries":[84],"relations":[86],"soft":[88],"keys":[89],"and":[90,102],"present":[91],"dichotomy":[93],"that":[94],"separates":[95],"set":[97],"into":[98],"PTIME":[101],"rest":[104],"are":[106],"#P-Hard.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
