{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998271253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375527.1375530","title":"Petaflop/s, seriously","display_name":"Petaflop/s, seriously","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998271253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375527.1375530","mag":"1998271253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1375527.1375530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375527.1375530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference on Supercomputing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021283893","display_name":"David E. Keyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4052-7224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David E. Keyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021283893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.572,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77095455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9424999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9424999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9325000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9305999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petascale-computing","display_name":"Petascale computing","score":0.9171046018600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7951890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.5822657942771912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5753648281097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4896991550922394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.381791353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.33909738063812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3273985981941223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.2616066336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14717543125152588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185410017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7171778","display_name":"Petascale computing","level":3,"score":0.9171046018600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7951890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.5822657942771912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5753648281097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4896991550922394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.381791353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.33909738063812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3273985981941223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2616066336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14717543125152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1375527.1375530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375527.1375530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference on Supercomputing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021702679","https://openalex.org/W3038449658","https://openalex.org/W1582746211","https://openalex.org/W3129378740","https://openalex.org/W2607572736","https://openalex.org/W2266027327","https://openalex.org/W2278366184","https://openalex.org/W1486544172","https://openalex.org/W4206324154","https://openalex.org/W1978931242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sustained":[0],"floating-point":[1],"rates":[2],"on":[3,28,39,134,145,196,273,291],"real":[4],"applications,":[5],"as":[6,224],"tracked":[7],"by":[8,15,247],"the":[9,50,67,79,82,87,95,119,127,155,166,179,248,274,278,300],"Gordon":[10],"Bell":[11,91],"Prize,":[12],"have":[13],"increased":[14],"over":[16,49],"five":[17],"orders":[18,58],"of":[19,46,59,61,75,84,89,122,130,148,161,203,210,250],"magnitude":[20,60],"from":[21,71],"1988,":[22],"when":[23,34],"1":[24,131],"Gigaflop/s":[25],"was":[26],"reported":[27,38],"a":[29,40,135,211],"structural":[30],"simulation,":[31],"to":[32,56,99,102,124,158,231,241,256,298,302],"2006,":[33],"200":[35],"Teraflop/s":[36],"were":[37],"molecular":[41],"dynamics":[42],"simulation.":[43],"Various":[44],"versions":[45],"Moore's":[47],"Law":[48,185],"same":[51],"interval":[52],"provide":[53],"only":[54,187],"two":[55],"three":[57],"improvement":[62],"for":[63,78,86,106,304],"an":[64,114,200],"individual":[65],"processor;":[66],"remaining":[68],"factor":[69],"comes":[70],"concurrency,":[72],"which":[73,138,253],"is":[74,199,244],"order":[76,121],"100,000":[77],"BlueGene/L":[80],"computer,":[81],"platform":[83],"choice":[85],"majority":[88],"recent":[90],"Prize":[92],"finalists.":[93],"As":[94],"semiconductor":[96],"industry":[97],"begins":[98],"slip":[100],"relative":[101],"its":[103],"own":[104],"roadmap":[105],"silicon-based":[107],"logic":[108],"and":[109,186,216,259,285],"memory,":[110],"concurrency":[111],"will":[112,227,296],"play":[113],"increasing":[115],"role":[116],"in":[117,183,268],"attaining":[118],"next":[120],"magnitude,":[123],"arrive":[125],"at":[126],"long-awaited":[128],"milepost":[129],"Petaflop/s":[132,303],"sustained":[133],"practical":[136],"application,":[137],"should":[139],"occur":[140],"around":[141,178,193],"2009.":[142],"Simulations":[143],"based":[144],"Eulerian":[146],"formulations":[147,190],"partial":[149],"differential":[150],"equations":[151],"can":[152,176,191],"be":[153,229],"among":[154],"first":[156],"applications":[157,215,219],"take":[159],"advantage":[160],"petascale":[162,221,242],"capabilities,":[163],"but":[164],"not":[165],"way":[167],"most":[168],"are":[169,263],"presently":[170],"being":[171],"pursued.":[172],"Only":[173],"weak":[174,208],"scaling":[175,197,209],"get":[177,192],"fundamental":[180],"limitation":[181,195],"expressed":[182],"Amdahl's":[184],"optimal":[188,233],"implicit":[189,234],"another":[194],"that":[198,262],"immediate":[201],"consequence":[202],"Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy":[204],"stability":[205],"theory":[206],"under":[207],"PDE.":[212],"Many":[213],"PDE-based":[214,289],"other":[217],"lattice-based":[218],"with":[220,288],"roadmaps,":[222],"such":[223],"quantum":[225],"chromodynamics,":[226],"likely":[228],"forced":[230],"adopt":[232],"solvers.":[235],"However,":[236],"even":[237],"this":[238],"narrow":[239],"path":[240],"simulation":[243],"made":[245],"treacherous":[246],"imperative":[249],"dynamic":[251],"adaptivity,":[252],"drives":[254],"us":[255],"consider":[257],"algorithms":[258],"queuing":[260],"policies":[261],"less":[264],"synchronous":[265],"than":[266],"those":[267],"common":[269],"use":[270],"today.":[271],"Drawing":[272],"SCaLeS":[275],"report":[276],"(2003-2004),":[277],"latest":[279],"ITRS":[280],"roadmap,":[281],"some":[282],"back-of-the-envelope":[283],"estimates,":[284],"numerical":[286],"experiences":[287],"codes":[290],"recently":[292],"available":[293],"platforms,":[294],"we":[295],"attempt":[297],"project":[299],"pathway":[301],"representative":[305],"applications.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
