{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069182052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375457.1375465","title":"Scalable VPN routing via relaying","display_name":"Scalable VPN routing via relaying","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069182052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375457.1375465","mag":"2069182052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1375457.1375465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375457.1375465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101626422","display_name":"Changhoon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5850-6483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhoon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030705084","display_name":"Alexandre Gerber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Gerber","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022565251","display_name":"Carsten Lund","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Lund","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046419834","display_name":"Dan Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114832181","display_name":"Subhabrata Sen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5969-1023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhabrata Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&amp;T Labs-Research, Florham Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Laboratories--Research, Florham Park, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"61","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.8141141533851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8007816076278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprotocol-label-switching","display_name":"Multiprotocol Label Switching","score":0.5612100958824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-routing-and-forwarding","display_name":"Virtual routing and forwarding","score":0.5423863530158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.5170093774795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-table","display_name":"Routing table","score":0.501880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/router","display_name":"Router","score":0.4908769726753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4684116244316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4305001497268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.38871681690216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.25213420391082764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.8141141533851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8007816076278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129880937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677023","display_name":"Multiprotocol Label Switching","level":3,"score":0.5612100958824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157626507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7935037","display_name":"Virtual routing and forwarding","level":5,"score":0.5423863530158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.5170093774795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.501880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775896111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642560","display_name":"Router","level":2,"score":0.4908769726753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4684116244316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4305001497268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.38871681690216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.25213420391082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1375457.1375465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1375457.1375465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.188.1258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.188.1258","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.research.att.com/export/sites/att_labs/techdocs/TD_794M29.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.899.7953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.899.7953","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carsten_Lund/publication/221595916_Scalable_VPN_routing_via_relaying/links/0deec51819db68a838000000.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40890042","https://openalex.org/W1750985709","https://openalex.org/W1928686197","https://openalex.org/W1942358316","https://openalex.org/W1974416483","https://openalex.org/W2026591769","https://openalex.org/W2088192169","https://openalex.org/W2147499094","https://openalex.org/W2232837659","https://openalex.org/W2282052748","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W4249803043","https://openalex.org/W4300490703","https://openalex.org/W6601642693","https://openalex.org/W6640424109","https://openalex.org/W6695520092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2338496777","https://openalex.org/W1905245131","https://openalex.org/W2361389832","https://openalex.org/W2118395071","https://openalex.org/W1533805642","https://openalex.org/W2103355668","https://openalex.org/W2120034637","https://openalex.org/W1574628021","https://openalex.org/W2497028718","https://openalex.org/W2171116081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enterprise":[0],"customers":[1],"are":[2],"increasingly":[3],"adopting":[4],"MPLS":[5],"(Multiprotocol":[6],"Label":[7],"Switching)":[8],"VPN":[9,78,124,224],"(Virtual":[10],"Private":[11],"Network)":[12],"service":[13,34],"that":[14,81,125,152,227],"offers":[15],"direct":[16,29],"any-to-any":[17],"reachability":[18,30,128],"among":[19],"the":[20,33,42,47,60,82,89,94,101,109,167,180,184,193,243,256],"customer":[21,52,213],"sites":[22],"via":[23,174],"a":[24,55,65,76,116,140,148,175,251],"provider":[25,83,95],"network.":[26],"Unfortunately":[27],"this":[28],"model":[31],"makes":[32],"provider's":[35,61],"routing":[36,79,221],"tables":[37],"grow":[38],"very":[39,230],"large":[40],"as":[41,160,163,204],"number":[43,48,118],"of":[44,49,91,112,119,201,206,212],"VPNs":[45,113],"and":[46,104,130,187,209,223,232,255],"routes":[50],"per":[51],"increase.":[53],"As":[54],"result,":[56],"router":[57,102,155],"memory":[58,110,156],"in":[59,68,93,122,144],"network":[62],"has":[63],"become":[64],"key":[66],"bottleneck":[67],"provisioning":[69],"new":[70],"customers.":[71],"This":[72],"paper":[73],"proposes":[74],"Relaying,":[75],"scalable":[77],"architecture":[80],"can":[84,233],"implement":[85],"simply":[86],"by":[87,114,131,158,196,237,247,249,260],"modifying":[88],"configuration":[90],"routers":[92,121,134,138],"network,":[96],"without":[97],"requiring":[98],"changes":[99],"to":[100,135,171,191,239],"hardware":[103],"software.":[105],"Relaying":[106,143,228],"substantially":[107],"reduces":[108],"footprint":[111],"choosing":[115],"small":[117],"hub":[120],"each":[123],"maintain":[126],"full":[127],"information,":[129],"allowing":[132],"non-hub":[133],"reach":[136],"other":[137],"through":[139],"hub.":[141,176],"Deploying":[142],"practice,":[145],"however,":[146],"poses":[147],"challenging":[149],"optimization":[150,194],"problem":[151,195],"involves":[153],"minimizing":[154],"usage":[157,236,259],"having":[159],"few":[161,252],"hubs":[162],"possible,":[164],"while":[165,241],"limiting":[166],"additional":[168,244],"latency":[169],"due":[170],"indirect":[172],"delivery":[173],"We":[177],"first":[178],"investigate":[179],"fundamental":[181],"tension":[182],"between":[183],"two":[185],"objectives":[186],"then":[188],"develop":[189],"algorithms":[190],"solve":[192],"leveraging":[197],"some":[198],"unique":[199],"properties":[200],"VPNs,":[202],"such":[203],"sparsity":[205],"traffic":[207,219,248],"matrices":[208],"spatial":[210],"locality":[211],"sites.":[214],"Extensive":[215],"evaluations":[216],"using":[217],"real":[218],"matrices,":[220],"configurations,":[222],"topologies":[225],"demonstrate":[226],"is":[229],"promising":[231],"reduce":[234],"routing-table":[235],"up":[238],"90%,":[240],"increasing":[242],"distances":[245],"traversed":[246],"only":[250],"hundred":[253],"miles,":[254],"backbone":[257],"bandwidth":[258],"less":[261],"than":[262],"10%.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
