{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139855137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1368088.1368160","title":"The influence of organizational structure on software quality","display_name":"The influence of organizational structure on software quality","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139855137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1368088.1368160","mag":"2139855137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1368088.1368160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1368088.1368160","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th international conference on Software engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101612061","display_name":"Nachiappan Nagappan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1358-4124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nachiappan Nagappan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","[Microsoft Research,Redmond,WA,USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research,Redmond,WA,USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075932839","display_name":"Thomas Brendan Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-7046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brendan Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom","Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom ("],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011045475","display_name":"Victor R. Basili","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Basili","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101612061"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":62.9841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":367,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99869999,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"521","last_page":"530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assertion","display_name":"Assertion","score":0.6889834403991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6308157444000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6033684611320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5166237950325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.49888086318969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4849731922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.4841350018978119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.4837498664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-metric","display_name":"Software metric","score":0.45814958214759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4547899663448334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.44461068511009216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-metric","display_name":"Product metric","score":0.4231530427932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3554556369781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3299826979637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.309887170791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2131197452545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17470872402191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.16138696670532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.14724820852279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11771655082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11693090200424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09501591324806213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40422974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741248","display_name":"Assertion","level":2,"score":0.6889834403991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6308157444000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6033684611320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5166237950325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.49888086318969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4849731922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.4841350018978119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.4837498664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82214349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657339","display_name":"Software metric","level":5,"score":0.45814958214759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4547899663448334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.44461068511009216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154497576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247777","display_name":"Product metric","level":3,"score":0.4231530427932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3554556369781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3299826979637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.309887170791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2131197452545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17470872402191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.16138696670532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.14724820852279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11771655082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11693090200424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09501591324806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198043062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953","display_name":"Metric space","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1368088.1368160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1368088.1368160","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th international conference on Software engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-112669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-112669.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IESE","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/360722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/360722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63477783","https://openalex.org/W122154057","https://openalex.org/W1855396721","https://openalex.org/W1964962870","https://openalex.org/W1968632832","https://openalex.org/W1979465005","https://openalex.org/W1990259865","https://openalex.org/W1996026009","https://openalex.org/W2027483357","https://openalex.org/W2095958260","https://openalex.org/W2100849134","https://openalex.org/W2100945416","https://openalex.org/W2104364184","https://openalex.org/W2104882279","https://openalex.org/W2105300539","https://openalex.org/W2106723970","https://openalex.org/W2107294940","https://openalex.org/W2108188807","https://openalex.org/W2113658292","https://openalex.org/W2121866145","https://openalex.org/W2123586642","https://openalex.org/W2124300773","https://openalex.org/W2134119432","https://openalex.org/W2134691366","https://openalex.org/W2135988257","https://openalex.org/W2136498194","https://openalex.org/W2136811501","https://openalex.org/W2141558501","https://openalex.org/W2147105902","https://openalex.org/W2152820192","https://openalex.org/W2156482183","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2159610968","https://openalex.org/W2160958420","https://openalex.org/W2161470369","https://openalex.org/W2167926541","https://openalex.org/W2169171327","https://openalex.org/W3020990745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078744341","https://openalex.org/W2947879749","https://openalex.org/W4385245644","https://openalex.org/W2029555411","https://openalex.org/W2159730313","https://openalex.org/W1509265476","https://openalex.org/W2774439323","https://openalex.org/W3151530686","https://openalex.org/W2981446648","https://openalex.org/W4383568364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Often":[0],"software":[1],"systems":[2],"are":[3,138,142],"developed":[4],"by":[5,29],"organizations":[6],"consisting":[7],"of":[8,11,89,145],"many":[9],"teams":[10],"individuals":[12],"working":[13],"together.":[14],"Brooks":[15],"states":[16],"in":[17,57],"the":[18,60,67,75,101,135],"Mythical":[19],"Man":[20],"Month":[21],"book":[22],"that":[23,120,134],"product":[24,61],"quality":[25],"is":[26],"strongly":[27],"affected":[28],"organization":[30],"structure.":[31],"Unfortunately":[32],"there":[33],"has":[34],"been":[35,122],"little":[36],"empirical":[37,132],"evidence":[38,133],"to":[39,41,53,59,64,80,124,126],"date":[40,125],"substantiate":[42],"this":[43,46],"assertion.":[44],"In":[45,71],"paper":[47],"we":[48],"present":[49],"a":[50],"metric":[51],"scheme":[52],"quantify":[54],"organizational":[55,76,102,136],"complexity,":[56,113],"relation":[58],"development":[62],"process":[63],"identify":[65],"if":[66],"metrics":[68,77,110,137],"impact":[69],"failure-proneness.":[70,90,128,146],"our":[72],"case":[73],"study,":[74],"when":[78],"applied":[79],"data":[81],"from":[82],"Windows":[83],"Vista":[84],"were":[85],"statistically":[86],"significant":[87],"predictors":[88,144],"The":[91],"precision":[92],"and":[93,116,141],"recall":[94],"measures":[95,119],"for":[96],"identifying":[97],"failure-prone":[98],"binaries,":[99],"using":[100,108],"metrics,":[103],"was":[104],"significantly":[105],"higher":[106],"than":[107],"traditional":[109],"like":[111],"churn,":[112],"coverage,":[114],"dependencies,":[115],"pre-release":[117],"bug":[118],"have":[121],"used":[123],"predict":[127],"Our":[129],"results":[130],"provide":[131],"related":[139],"to,":[140],"effective":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":28}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}